This short article introduces the connection between Popper’s philosophy on scientific discoveries and Bayesian learning. 1 Popper Sir Karl Raimund Popper (1902−1994), was an Austrian-born British philosopher of science. He was educated at the University of Vienna. His first book, Logik der Forschung (The Logic of Scientific Discovery) (Popper 1959) has become a classics in philosophy of scienc...

The growing importance of predictive models in biomedical research raises some concerns on the correct methodological approach to the falsification of such models, as they are developed in interdisciplinary research contexts between physics, biology and medicine. In each of these research sectors, there are established methods to develop cause-effect explanations for observed phenomena, which c...

The relationship between learner capacity and generalization, established by Vapnik’s uniform convergence framework, suggests a remarkably simple validation procedure: reject the inductive hypothesis if the learning algorithm can also store the training examples with random labels. We study the properties of this apparently coarse estimator, which can be considered as the simplest possible capa...

Both Doctrine of Marxism and Mohism had been exerting in-depth influences over nature scope individuality collective being, the significance labour humanism, ethical social status collective, communal human development, which may be far more philosophically ideationally even institutionally indispensable in contemporary international society imbalanced uncoordinated, unsustainable world system ...

On one hand, automatics is based on proofs before the experiment in order to validate an a priori (partially) known deterministic interaction between the robot and its environment; in return, the experimenter may expect the reliability of the real system based on his model. On another hand, statistical methods are used when the environment is supposed unknown; in return, the robot may own adapt...

The promotion and implementation of carbon neutrality against peaking dioxide emissions urgently need the support science technology backing provided by a guarantee rule law. proposition, logic, progression digital responses to levels in search for are clearly reflected current era, employing big data address problems inadequate central–local coordination interaction, application law, campaign-...

A cognitively autonomous artificial agent may be defined as one able to modify both its external world-model and the framework by which it represents the world, requiring two simultaneous optimization objectives. This presents deep epistemological issues centered on the question of how a framework for representation (as opposed to the entities it represents) may be objectively validated. In thi...

Ecosystem fluxes of energy, water, and CO2 result in spatial and temporal variations in atmospheric properties. In principle, these variations can be used to quantify the fluxes through inverse modelling of atmospheric transport, and can improve the understanding of processes and falsifiability of models. We investigated the influence of ecosystem fluxes on atmospheric CO2 in the vicinity of th...

During the last decade new developments in theoretical and speculative cosmology have reopened the old discussion of cosmology’s scientific status and the more general question of the demarcation between science and non-science. The multiverse hypothesis, in particular, is central to this discussion and controversial because it seems to disagree with methodological and epistemic standards tradi...

The influence of the evolutionary theory is widespread in modern worldview. Due to its great explanatory power and pervasiveness, the theory of evolution should be used as the organizing theme in biology teaching. For this purpose, the essential concepts of phylogenetic systematics are useful as a didactic instrument. The phylogenetic method was the first objective set of rules to implement in ...