Electronic exchanges are double-sided marketplaces that allow multiple buyers to trade with multiple sellers, with aggregation of demand and supply across the bids to maximize the revenue in the market. Two important issues in the design of exchanges are (1) trade determination (determining the number of goods traded between any buyerseller pair) and (2) pricing. In this paper we address the tr...

This paper examines electronic marketplaces as one ‘digital economy’ innovation. Great expectations existed for electronic marketplaces in the late 1990s, leading to the establishment of hundreds of new venues for B2B buying and selling. It was feared that the improved efficiency over traditional market mechanisms meant existing business relationships and methods were doomed. Another concern wa...

Anthropological evidence suggests that the human species has evolved what could be called a “trading instinct” over many of years of Darwinian adaptation, where trade acts as a social catalyst and thus as a suppressor of violent conflict among trading groups. Without enough natural human interaction it is unlikely that the trading instinct will achieve its social purposes, even though it may ac...

Very quickly following the first international toxic waste trade scandals that took place in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the environmentally friendly word “ recycling” began to increasingly be used by waste traders to justify the export of hazardous wastes from rich to poorer countries. Today, this rationalization for toxic waste trade for industrial wastes continues. Virtually all existing...

The combination of the electronic business and the exhibition industry has become an inevitable trend of the development of the exhibition industry. Through the efforts of many years, China Import & Export Fair has built a solid basic hardware platform for electronic business, hence made the exhibition management and electronic service e-enabled and web-enabled, then established the outward com...

In this chapter, we present the basic concepts of electronic business in general and in the context of educational settings. Individuals and organizations entering Electronic Education Markets must perform a careful analysis of needs, requirements, and potential benefits. We identify critical success factors and decision criteria for such projects. From a technological perspective, the main suc...

This paper considers the implications of Bills of Lading issued as negotiable electronic transport documents for the maritime international carriage of goods, as proposed by the Rotterdam Rules. The legal usage of paper based documents is considered first. This is followed by discussion of the practical challenges that electronic negotiable Bills of Lading may pose, particularly in the lodgment...

Electronically supported transaction processes may lead to efficiency gains and cost reductions enhancing the operational effectiveness. Electronic trade systems improve coordination between buyers and sellers and increase transaction efficiency. The paper shows an exemplary agrifood market with a comparatively high level of inefficiency where electronic trading could benefit participating ente...