We introduce two interactive extraction modules that can fit the parameters of generalized sweeps to large, unstructured meshes for immediate, high-level, detail-preserving modification. These modules represent two extremes in a spectrum of parameterized shapes: rotational sweeps defined by a few global parameters, and progressive sweeps forming generalized cylinders with many slowly varying lo...

Shape-persistent and tough cellulose hydrogels were fabricated by a stepwise solvent exchange from a homogeneous ionic liquid solution of cellulose exposure to methanol vapor. The cellulose hydrogels maintain their shapes under changing temperature, pH, and solvents. The micrometer-scale patterns on the mold were precisely transferred onto the surface of cellulose hydrogels. We also succeeded i...

An on-line graphics recognition system is presented, which provides users a natural, convenient, and efficient way to input rigid and regular shapes or graphic objects (e.g., triangles, rectangles, ellipses, straight line, arrowheads, etc.) by quickly drawing their sketchy shapes in single or multiple strokes. An input sketchy (hand-drawn) shape is immediately converted into the user-intended r...

In genetic programming for evolutionary art, there are many primitive sets in use. Often their capabilities are unknown. This project defines four primitive sets and compares their abilities to generate a number of images. Overall it finds that a primitive set based on drawing shapes performed the best. However, none of the primitive sets managed to generate images with sufficiently high quality.

We present an interactive algorithmic painting approach producing organic flow-like representations. Our approach is inspired by nature, in particular, the smooth patterns of flowing particles in liquid and air but also the smooth organic shapes occurring in flora. The algorithm for creating organic shapes follows mechanisms of flow visualization. It is based on the random spread of guiding poi...

We present a technique for drawing ornamental designs consisting of placed instances of simple shapes. These shapes, which we call elements, are selected from a small library of templates. The elements are deformed to flow along a direction field interpolated from user-supplied strokes, giving a sense of visual flow to the final composition, and constrained to lie within a container region. Our...

Powerful computers together with sophisticated programs for geometric modeling and graphical rendering allow to create interesting and artistic displays in novel ways. Computers can playa role in the definition of new shapes, e.g., through the use of abstract geometrical generator functions, as well as in the realization of these shapes, e.g., by drawing exact blueprints or by milling parts. On...

We propose scale independent geometric models to recognize and correct freehand geometric line sketches. The models are defined as compositions of a set of primitives that account for freehand drawing approximations. The recognized sketches are corrected to their precise geometric shapes.

Event shape distributions in ee annihilation processes are very popular hadronic observables, mainly due to the fact that they are well suited both for experimental measurement and for theoretical description because many of them are infrared and collinear safe. The main idea behind event shapes variables is to parameterize the energy-momentum flow of an event, such that one can smoothly descri...

In this article, we study abstract shapes of k-noncrossing, σ-canonical RNA pseudoknot structures. We consider lv1k- and lv5k-shapes, which represent a generalization of the abstract π'- and π-shapes of RNA secondary structures introduced by Giegerich et al. Using a novel approach, we compute the generating functions of lv1k- and lv5k-shapes as well as the generating functions of all lv1k- and ...