The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) method for sizing small detention and retention basins is a volume-based approach that is sensitive to the release rate. In practice, such a release rate is often approximated by open channel hydraulics or culvert hydraulics. Without a consistent guideline, this practice of approximation can result in significant discrepancy or violation of the volume b...

The United States system of immigrant detention centers has been the subject of considerable scrutiny with respect to health care of detainees. We sought to characterize the rates and types of deaths that have occurred within this system between the years 2003-2015. We analyzed a file of detainee deaths released by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security as part of a freedom of information req...

Findings from a national study of jail suicide are provided, including the extent and distribution of suicides in holding and detention facilities, and descriptive data on demographic characteristics of each victim, incident, and facility. Among significant findings are that suicides were evenly distributed from first few days of confinement to over several months of confinement, many suicides ...

This paper explores the extent to which nurses can use statutory and common law provisions as lawful authority to detain informal psychiatric patients. The power of a nurse to detain informal psychiatric patients received statutory recognition for the first time in the Mental Health Act (1983). Section 5(4) of this Act, the 'Nurses Holding Power', provides for nurses of the 'prescribed class' t...

BACKGROUND To assess the behavioral risk factors and mental health needs of adolescents in juvenile detention centers (JDC). METHOD A total of 238 boys aged 12-17 years was surveyed who had been admitted to a detention center and compared them with boys from the community (n = 238) matched for sex and age. We assessed behavioral risk factors and mental health problems by using the Youth Risk ...

Abstract The implementation of public health measures in response to the covid -19 pandemic has impacted heavily on operation child justice systems and places detention, creating new challenges safeguarding children’s rights. Yet, it also been a time innovation, particularly use technology. Using case studies from Ireland Aotearoa New Zealand, we discuss how technology used maintain balance bet...

justice system is also reflected in other areas. In 1997, most girls who were adjudicated delinquent were placed on probation (60%) or in a residential setting (22%). Between 1988 and 1997, the number of cases resulting in probation or residential placement increased by over 100 percent, and the number of female cases that involved detention increased by 65 percent, surpassing the increase in d...

This bulletin series presents the results of the Northwestern Juvenile Project, the first large-scale, prospective longitudinal study of drug, alcohol, and psychiatric disorders in a diverse sample of juvenile detainees. Individual bulletins examine topics such as suicidal behaviors in youth in detention, posttraumatic stress disorder and trauma among this population, functional impairment in y...

The treatment of perchlorate-contaminated groundwater was examined using two side-by-side pilot-scale fixed-bed bioreactors packed with sand or plastic media, and bioaugmented with the perchlorate-degrading bacterium Dechlorosoma sp. KJ. Groundwater containing perchlorate (77microg/L), nitrate (4mg-NO(3)/L), and dissolved oxygen (7.5mg/L) was amended with a carbon source (acetic acid) and nutri...

This article is a response to two questions posed in an published the first volume of Howard Journal. That asked, ‘should penal servitude be abolished?’ and also discussed merits ‘preventive detention’, which so-called ‘habitual’ criminals could imprisoned for up ten years after their original sentence had expired, order keep public safe extended time. The current therefore looks at limitations...