BACKGROUND Inflammatory processes and infections of the uterine wall must be accepted as a physiological event in dairy cows after calving. This might result in clinical or subclinical endometritis which is assumed to impair reproductive performance in the current lactation. Several cytokines and acute phase proteins have been discussed as local and systemic mediators of these inflammatory proc...

Primary screening with human papillomavirus (HPV) test is more effective in reducing cervical cancer incidence than cytology and it also offers the opportunity to self-sample. We conducted a randomized study compare vaginal self-sampling sampling by medical professionals for HPV testing concerning prevalence of detection intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) 3 (CIN3+) primary...

Introduction The expression of genes in female reproductive organs is influenced by the cyclic changes hormone levels during menstrual cycle. While molecular endometrium that facilitate embryo implantation have been extensively studied, there limited knowledge about impact cycle on cervical cells. Cervical cells can be easily and routinely collected using a cytobrush gynecological examination, ...