voluminous quaternary extrusive rocks, associated with widespread volcanic activities, occur in the northwestern iran and across the turkish-iranian plateau. field and petrographic studies reveal that these volcanic rocks, consisting of basalt to trachyandesite, occur as lava flows, columnar basalts, and cinder cones in three distinct areas of northern (bazergan-maku-burlan), middle (chalderan)...

The Yellowstone supervolcano is one of the largest active continental silicic volcanic fields in the world. An understanding of its properties is key to enhancing our knowledge of volcanic mechanisms and corresponding risk. Using a joint local and teleseismic earthquake P-wave seismic inversion, we revealed a basaltic lower-crustal magma body that provides a magmatic link between the Yellowston...

Transitions of nuclear compositions in the crust of a neutron star induced by stellar spin-down are evaluated at zero temperature. We construct a compressible liquiddrop model for the energy of nuclei immersed in a neutron gas, including pairing and shell correction terms, in reference to the known properties of the ground state of matter above neutron drip density, 4.3 × 10 g cm. Recent experi...

Significant crustal movements were caused by the 2011 Tohoku, Japan Earthquake. A method for capturing the surface movements from TerraSAR-X intensity images is proposed in this study. First, the buildings were extracted from the preand post-event images using a segmentation approach. Then, the unchanged buildings were detected by matching the buildings in the preand post-event images at simila...

Melt inclusions from Oligocene continental flood basalts (CFB) erupted in Yemen provide unique insight into the timing and nature of the processes that lead to crustal contamination and melt aggregation in CFB magmas. Large variations in trace element indices that are sensitive to the degree and composition of assimilated crustal material (e.g. K2O=0.20^1.94 wt%, Ba= 13^543 ppm, K/Nb=128^1603, ...

background : airborne particulate matter is one of the most important atmospheric pollutants. tile sources of particulate matter in the atmosphere are divided into two groups; 1) natural sources and 2) anthropogenic sources. the important components of airborne particulate matter and invarying concentrations are the ubiquitous components of the lower atmosphere. heavy metals are mainly emitted ...

Reducing scatter in measurements of regional-phase amplitude ratios is desirable for seismic discrimination applications and also provides insight into crustal structure controls on energy partitioning of regional seismic waves. Our previous analysis (Fan and Lay, 1998) of the regional seismic discriminant, Pg/Lg, indicated that variations in crustal structure cause path-specific fluctuations o...

The ongoing collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate brings up N-S crustal shortening and thickening of the Tibet Plateau, but its dynamic mechanisms remain controversial yet. As one of the most tectonically active regions of the world, South-Eastern Tibet (SET) has been greatly paid attention to by many geoscientists. Here we present the latest three-dimensional GPS velocity f...

To directly access the sub-seafloor microbial communities, seafloor drilling has been done in a deep-sea hydrothermal field of the Suiyo Seamount, Izu-Bonin Arc, Western Pacific. In the present study, crustal fluids were collected from the boreholes, and the bacterial and archaeal communities in the fluids were investigated by culture-independent molecular analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequen...