نتایج جستجو برای: chemical indicators

تعداد نتایج: 483744  

Journal: :The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception 2016
Evert Ketting Minou Friele Kristien Michielsen

OBJECTIVES Holistic sexuality education (HSE) is a new concept in sexuality education (SE). Since it differs from other types of SE in a number of important respects, strategies developed for the evaluation of the latter are not necessarily applicable to HSE. In this paper the authors provide a basis for discussion on how to evaluate HSE. METHODS First, the international literature on evaluat...

2016
Chengchao Zhou Qian Long Jiaying Chen Li Xiang Qiang Li Shenglan Tang Fei Huang Qiang Sun Henry Lucas

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) often causes catastrophic economic effects on both the individual suffering the disease and their households. A number of studies have analyzed patient and household expenditure on TB care, but there does not appear to be any that have assessed the incidence, intensity and determinants of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) relating to TB care in China. That will ...

2016
Hedwig Deconinck Mahaman Hallarou Bart Criel Philippe Donnen Jean Macq

BACKGROUND Since 2007, integrated care of acute malnutrition has been promoted in Niger, a country affected by high burden of disease. This policy change aimed at strengthening capacity and ownership to manage the condition. Integration was neither defined nor planned but assumed to have been achieved. This paper studied the level and progress of integration of acute malnutrition interventions ...

2014
Ted Greiner

BACKGROUND Accurate measurement of the duration of exclusive breastfeeding is complicated by factors related to definitions, timing, duration of recall, methods of analysis, and sample biases. Clearly prospective methods are likely to be more accurate but are too expensive to use in most large-scale surveys. Internationally, most surveys use a point-in-time or current status measurement (usuall...

Journal: :Marine pollution bulletin 2013
Sarah J Bourlat Angel Borja Jack Gilbert Martin I Taylor Neil Davies Stephen B Weisberg John F Griffith Teresa Lettieri Dawn Field John Benzie Frank Oliver Glöckner Naiara Rodríguez-Ezpeleta Daniel P Faith Tim P Bean Matthias Obst

This viewpoint paper explores the potential of genomics technology to provide accurate, rapid, and cost efficient observations of the marine environment. The use of such approaches in next generation marine monitoring programs will help achieve the goals of marine legislation implemented world-wide. Genomic methods can yield faster results from monitoring, easier and more reliable taxonomic ide...

ژورنال: Medical Laboratory Journal 2014
Chegeny, M, Darabi, M, Jahani Zadeh, SH,

Abstract Background and Objective: Quality control of drinking water is important for maintaining health and safety of consumers, and the first step is to study the water quality variables. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical and physical indicators, water quality variables and qualitative classification of drinking water stations and water sources in Boroujerd. Material and Methods...

Journal: :Water research 2013
Atreyee Sims Yanyan Zhang Shashikanth Gajaraj Pamela B Brown Zhiqiang Hu

Wetland assessment tools are being developed and employed in wetland monitoring and conservation based on physical, chemical and biological characterization. In wetland biological assessment, various ecological functions have been described by biological traits of an entire species pool that adapts to different types of wetland environments. Since microorganisms play a key role in wetland bioge...

2012
Kh. Elbanna R. M. El-Shahawy K. M. Atalla

In this work, a simple, safe and rapid method for enumerating nitrifying bacteria was used as an alternative to traditional harmful chemical methods. The enumeration of nitrifying bacteria was based upon the change of color of the growth media containing pH indicators in response to acid production during nitrification. The oxidation of ammonia to strong acids by nitrifiers leads to pH decrease...

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