Appropriate analgesia is important for postoperative pain relief, the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and early postoperative recovery. Droperidol has strong antiemetic activity and is administrated for prophylaxis of PONV. An intravenous route of administration is generaly recommended for droperidol. The intravenous (IV) injection of droperidol bolus at the end of the su...

DNA vaccination against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) is an attractive and alternative strategy to the use of classical inactivated viral vaccines. The injection of a pcDNA3.1-based DNA vaccine encoding for FMDV P1-2A3C3D and GM-CSF proteins had previously been shown to induce the production of neutralizing antibodies against FMDV and partially protect swine against an experimental challe...

Wrong-route or -patient medication errors due to human mistakes have been considered difficult to resolve in clinical settings. In this study, we suggest a safety injection system that can help to prevent an injection when a mismatch exists between the drug and route or patient. For this, we prepared two distinct adapters with key and keyhole patterns specifically assigned to a pair of drug and...

For most patients with type 1 diabetes, the worst part of the disease is to tolerate needle after needle, both for glucose measurement and to deliver insulin. In the last two decades, concept of insulin therapy by multiple-dose injection has undergone a miraculous change. Needle-free insulin delivery appeared to be a wonderful approach, and its allure rested in being comfortable and safe. In to...

BACKGROUND The intraperitoneal injection is a common method for establishing the experimental animal model infected with parasites. The aim of this study was to investigate if the intraperitoneal injection was another route of Trichinella spiralis infection. METHODS From June to July 2015, twenty BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with 300 T. spiralis muscle larvae in Department of P...

Radiological evidence of the distribution of solutions in the epidural space indicates that the volume used and the site of injection are the most relevant factors, while the height of the" patient is of little importance, and the rate of injection, posture, and age of the patient exert no influence. Even so, there are wide variations in spread with a given volume via the same route, and it is ...

To determine whether intracerebrally localized iodothyronines produce thyroid hormone-related functional effects, heart rate responses were compared in conscious hypothyroid rats given triiodothyronine (T3) by either the intrathecal or the intravenous route. A significant increase in heart rate occurred within 18 h after 1.5 amol T3/100 g body wt was delivered intrathecally through a cannula pr...

PURPOSE To determine whether the co-injection of extracellular matrix degrading enzymes improves retinal transduction following intravitreal delivery of adeno-associated virus-2 (AAV2). METHODS AAV2 containing cDNA encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP), under the control of a chicken β-actin promoter, was delivered by intravitreal injection to adult mice in conjunction with enzyme...

A method is described for microinjection of cloned DNA into the zygote nucleus of Lytechinus variegatus. Eggs of this species are unusually transparent, facilitating visual monitoring of the injection process. The initial fate of injected DNA fragments appears similar to that observed earlier for exogenous DNA injected into unfertilized egg cytoplasm. Thus after end-to-end ligation, it is repli...