Hyoscine-N-butyl bromide is a widely used antispasmodic belonging to the belladonna alkaloid class of semisynthetic quaternary ammonium compounds. These compounds exert a spasmolytic action on the smooth muscles of the bile-gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, salivary glands (xerostomia), and also on the visual apparatus - in particular, the irido-ciliary complex. As a consequence, the...

Ammonium glycolate combustion was used to synthesize SrZr0.95Y0.05O3−x powders. Soluble metal-glycolate complexes, detected by infrared spectroscopy, were formed with Y+3 and Zr+4, which maintain atomic level mixing of metal cations with glycolic acid. Sr+2/glycolic acid mixtures did not form glycolate complexes. Temperature-programmed reaction studies showed that only precursor solutions with ...

This article presents the first systematic study of the effect of Relative Humidity (RH) on the water content and hydroxide ion conductivity of quaternary ammonium-based Alkaline Anion-Exchange Membranes (AAEMs). These AAEMs have been developed specifically for application in alkaline membrane fuel cells, where conductivities of >0.01 S cm(-1) are mandatory. When fully hydrated, an ETFE-based r...

We report a facile new route for the synthesis of self-crosslinked anion exchange membranes (AEM) without the need for any crosslinkers or catalysts. The soluble copolymers bearing flexible side chains, with alkene pendant groups, were synthesized via the Menshutkin reaction. The crosslinked derivatives were then prepared by the thermal crosslinking of the unsaturated side chains during the mem...

The pKAH-values of some substituted phenylacetic acid derivatives have been determined in the system water /dimethyl sulphoxide / 0. 11 M tetramethylammonium hydroxide. The acidity depends strongly on the polarity of the substituent in the phenyl group, Hammett p-valucs from 4.8 to 5 .8, and in the case of the same s<1bstituent decreasf's in the order nit! ik, terr-butyl ester, dimethylami<'e e...

The title compound, (NH(4))(2)Cd(3)(SO(4))(3)(OH)(2)(H(2)O)(2), has been obtained serendipitously. It is isotypic with the heavier alkali analogues M(2)Cd(3)(SO(4))(3)(OH)(2)(H(2)O)(2) (M = K, Rb, Cs). The structure contains two Cd(2+) ions, one in a general position and one with site symmetry m. The former Cd(2+) ion is coordinated by three O atoms of three SO(4) groups, two hydroxide O atoms ...

In this study, the effects of solvents and molecular structure upon acidity, five 3-alkyl(aryl)-4-phthalimido-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones (3-7) were potentiometrically titrated with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) in four different anhydrous (isopropyl alcohol, acetonitrile, tert-butyl alcohol N,N-dimethylformamide) HNP corresponding pKa values determined by half-neutralization meth...

Vaccination of mice with Mycobacterium bovis culture filtrate proteins (CFP), prepared in a variety of adjuvants (aluminum hydroxide, Quil-A, and dimethyldioctyldecyl ammonium bromide [DDA]), provided significant protection against an aerosol challenge of virulent M. bovis. Additionally, vaccination with CFP in DDA or Quil-A did not sensitize mice to M. bovis purified protein derivative.

The dual template synthesis of zeolite SSZ-13 by use of trimethyl-adamantanammonium hydroxide and a diquaternary-ammonium mesoporogen induces considerable mesoporosity without impeding zeolite microporosity. The strongly improved accessibility of Brønsted sites in mesoporous SSZ-13 increases its stability during application as an acid catalyst in the methanol-to-olefins reaction.

The methods commonly used for precipitating aluminum by 8-hydroxyquinoline from an acetic-acid solution, buffered with ammonium acetate, do not sufficiently define the conditions requisite for complete precipitation. The present article describes a method in which aluminum is precipitated as the oxyquinolate from a solution which has been partially neutralized with ammonium hydroxide, using bro...