The paper presents a model for the construction of an artificial agent that can express performatives through facial expression. The performative of a speech act or communicative act is the particular communicative intention a Sender has to one's Addressee, the way one wants to socially relate oneself to the interlocutor. Performatives are decomposed both on the meaning and on the signal side: ...

An important question for some spatial language systems is how to select the frames of reference that underlie the production and interpretation of spatial expressions. The psychological experiments described here examine whether the usual classification scheme for reference frames hould be modified to include a reference frame for the addressee of a spatial expression, or whether considering t...

Introduction: Today the market of medical tourism is growing as one of the competitive and profitable industries in the world. The aim of this study was to determine medical tourist attraction in Tehran hospitals. Methods: This is a descriptive study which was carried out in 8 hospitals of Tehran in 2012. 195 people from the managing boards of these hospi...

With the evolution of online communication methods, conversations are increasingly handled via email, internet forums and other such methods. In this paper, we attempt to model lexical information in a context sensitive manner, encoding our belief that the use of language depends on the participants in the conversation. We model the discourse as a combination of the speaker, the addressee and o...

The urgent need to provide capital from developing countries and improve the level of technology has made it necessary to attract foreign investment. FDI can respond to this need as an inflow of capital, technology, and technical know-how. The present study investigated the role of FDI attraction determinants through a technology transfer approach comprehensively and coherently. This research w...

This study evaluated the extent to which speakers and addressees utilize information about an object’s spatial location during referential communication. In Experiment 1 participants verbally requested target objects in an array. Results showed that speakers preferred to use color information to disambiguate the target object, and they described spatial location only when color could not serve ...

Abstract Interlocutors tend to refer objects using the same names as each other. We investigated whether native and non-native interlocutors’ tendency do so is influenced by speakers’ nativeness their beliefs about an interlocutor's nativeness. A or participant a confederate directed other around map deliver locations. manipulated confederates referred favored disfavored name, while controlling...

Several algorithms have recently been proposed for recognizing addressees in a group conversational setting. These algorithms can rely on a variety of factors including previous conversational roles, gaze, and type of dialogue act. Both statistical supervised machine learning algorithms as well as rule based methods have been developed. In this paper, we compare several algorithms developed for...

world travel and tourism council has estimated that contribution of tourism sector to global economy and employment will be increasing in the next 10 years. travel and tourism contributes to various areas of economy and tourism is accounted as one of most significant industries of 21st century. if countries provide the required capacity for development of tourism industry, they would be able to...