The term seizures includes a wide array of different disorders with variable etiology, which currently represent one the most important classes neurological illnesses. As consequence, many antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are available, exploiting activity mechanisms and providing levels performance in terms selectivity, safety, efficacy. AEDs among psychoactive frequently involved therapeutic drug m...

Although lithium remains the preferred medication for bipolar disorders, new investigations suggest that only 60 to 80% of patients have a good response with a classical presentation. The antiepileptics carbamazepine and valproate are important alternatives. Several studies have shown that lithium, carbamazepine and valproate are effective in pure mania. Mixed mania and rapid cycling respond, h...

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological problems affecting approximately 1% of the world's population with higher incidence among elderly individuals. Although depression is a common comorbid condition in patients with epilepsy, there is a paucity of information regarding depression in geriatric patients with epilepsy. This study analysed a group of 83 patients affected by different epi...

This study reports the difficulties in the treatment and follow-up of patients with epilepsy and psychotic disorder and the orientation of neurologists about lifelong chronic effect of epilepsy towards psychiatric morbidity. Six patients (2 females, 4 males) complaining of generalized epilepsy, where the disease had started in the adulthood, for more than ten years, and suffered more than ten s...

(R)-4-((4-(((4-((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)oxy)benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)oxy)methyl)piperidin-1-yl)methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol (TBPT), a serotonin-4 receptor partial agonist, is metabolized to two metabolites: an N-dealkylation product [(R)-3-(piperidin-4-ylmethoxy)-4-((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)oxy)benzo[d]isoxazole (M1)] and a cyclized oxazolidine structure [7-(((4-(((R)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)oxy)benzo[...

Carbamazepine is used to control seizures. Its common side effects are sleep disorders, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, polydipsia, irritability, ataxia, and diplopia. Involvement of the immune system is rare, and few cases of decreased immunoglobulin levels have been reported. We describe a patient with low immunoglobulin levels due to carbamazepine use who presented with recurrent urinary tract i...

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are one of the leading causes of death among hospitalized patients and occur in 0.3 to 7 per cent of all hospital admissions1. These may vary from mild rashes to severe reactions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). Five to eight per cent of hospitalized patient develop serious adverse drug reaction1. However, these may often go undetected and unreported. SJS is...

We aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of muscle cramps in patients with diabetes compared with healthy volunteers. Frequency, severity (using visual analog scale [VAS]), duration, and disability due to muscle cramps were evaluated, as is standard in clinical trials. Information about each patient’s clinical status was collected, including patient demographics, neuropathy (dia...

DRESS syndrome is a severe drug induced reaction. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is sometimes present in the form of an acute interstitial nephritis. We present the case of a 75-year-old man with glioblastoma who developed a DRESS two months after starting levetiracetam and a few days after stopping dexamethasone. His skin and kidneys improved after removing levetiracetam and introducing again corti...