Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity was studied in 33 malignant neoplastic, 2 benign neoplastic, and 18 nonneoplastic human mammary tissues. Enzyme activity, using both cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and cyclic guanosine 3':5'-monosphosphate as substrates, was measured in whole homogenates over a concentration range of 1 to 100 muM. Specific activity was calculated at substrate c...

The human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 is induced to differentiate along a myelocytic pathway by dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP). Other cAMP analogs are ineffective as inducing agents. The effect of these compounds on expression of c-myc was investigated using a DNA probe for c-myc to detect RNA transcripts. The dose response and time to commitment for reduction in c...

• This review examines critically the evidence bearing on the hypothesis that the positive inotropic effects of catecholamines are mediated by intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). The review is selective in several respects. For example, it does not contain extensive discussions about the biochemical actions of cyclic AMP, the enzymes regulating its synthesis and degradati...

Adenosine is thought to prevent or reduce the increase in permeability, which is a hallmark of oxidant injury to endothelium. However, the effect of adenosine on endothelial cells directly exposed to oxidant species has not been demonstrated in vitro. By measuring the passage of Evan's blue dye-labeled albumin across confluent monolayers, we demonstrated the ability of adenosine (0.1-100 μM) to...

A luminescent probe based on a europium complex is developed, which effectively distinguishes adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in pure water at pH 6.8. With a longer lifetime (in ms range), the probe is prospectively applied to biological systems to monitor ATP levels by completely removing the background fluorescence of other mo...

Rat megakaryocytes in mixed bone marrow cell suspension underwent mor­ phologic change when exposed to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and epi­ nephrine. Viewed by phase microscopy, marginal membranes developed ragged or vacuolated appearance within one minute after exposure to ADP or epinephrine. Recovery from the change induced by ADP occurred within five minutes. These effects were inhibited by ...

The growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlorella pyrenoidosa in three dissolved organic phosphorus sources (glucose-1phosphate, adenosine triphosphate, cyclic-adenosine monophosphate) were studied in cultures separated by a dialysis membrane. Results showed that M. aeruginosa and C. pyrenoidosa could utilize those three forms of organic phosphorus, but their growth rates and cell abundances w...

The adenine nucleotides, adenosine diphosphate, adenosine triphosphate, (ATP), and the methylene-bridge analogues are inhibitors of rickettsial adsorption to and the hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes. Other nucleotides, adenosine monophosphate, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cytosine triphosphate, and guanosine triphosphate, are without effect. Adsorption and hemolysis require the generation of ...

3-NPA 3-nitropropionic acid ADP adenosine diphosphate AKT protein kinase B AMP adenosine monophosphate AMPK adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase AP-1 activator protein 1 ATP adenosine triphosphate CAT catalase ERK extracellular signal regulated kinase FADH flavin adenine dinucleotide FOX forkhead box FOXO O class forkhead box GPx glutathione peroxidase GST glutathione S-transferase ...