BACKGROUND Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major component of the cell walls of Gram-negative bacteria, was one of the main components of Coley's vaccine and is known to have strong adjuvanticity. Though it is known that LPS exists in the digestive tract of organisms, the biological significance for the organism has not been clarified. In this study, the correlation between the structure and functi...

Published Ahead of Print 2 February 2007. 10.1128/AEM.02189-06. 2007, 73(6):1809. DOI: Appl. Environ. Microbiol. Vancanneyt and Luc De Vuyst Cleenwerck, Peter Vandamme, Jemmy S. Takrama, Marc Nicholas Camu, Tom De Winter, Kristof Verbrugghe, Ilse Fermentation of Cocoa Beans in Ghana Bacteria Involved in Spontaneous Heap of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Acetic Acid Dynamics and Biodiversity of Popula...

Cocoa fermentation was monitored at the IDIAF (Instituto Dominicano de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales) "Mata Larga" experimental station, in San Francisco de Macoris, Dominican Republic. The maximum average fermentation temperature reached 51 degrees C after 48 h and the pH reached 4.5 after 144 h of fermentation. A significant decrease in glucose, fructose and citric acid was seen ...

Kombucha is a fermented tea beverage containing bioactive compounds from and vital such as acetic acid, D-saccharic acid-1,4-lactone, glucuronic gluconic acids produced the metabolic activities of bacteria yeasts, which benefit human health. contains symbiotic culture yeast (SCOBY), actively ferments sugar. microbial compositions vary due to environmental conditions starter culture. Saccharomyc...

Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is a N2-fixing bacterium endophyte from sugar cane. The oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid of this organism takes place in the periplasmic space, and this reaction is catalyzed by two membrane-bound enzymes complexes: the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). We present strong evidence showing that the well-known membrane-bound Alco...

The oxidation of 20 carbohydrates and derivatives by 45 strains of acetic acid bacteria, representing most of the known species, was studied and correlated with the enzymic constitution of the organisms. The strains of the mesoxydans group of Frateur and the acetate-oxidizing Gluconobacters oxidized the greatest variety of substrates and contained the most complex enzyme system. The strains inv...

(• ¯ " ‡ OE[ˆê • ")(‰ª • " • º ƒ') Some substances to promote the production of antibiotics were re ported already by many authors. According to Knight1) the use of corn steep liquor in the media of Penicillium chrysogenum increased the production of Penicillin. Koffler and others2) investigated on the promoting elements of corn steep liquor and reported that one element was the combination of ...

BACKGROUND Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are widely applied in food, bioengineering and medicine fields. However, the acid stress at low pH conditions limits acetic acid fermentation efficiency and high concentration of vinegar production with AAB. Therefore, how to enhance resistance ability of the AAB remains as the major challenge. Amino acids play an important role in cell growth and cell surv...