Optical and electrical properties of complex semiconducting alloys like Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) are strongly influenced by the reaction pathways occurring during their deposition process. This makes it desirable to observe and control these properties in real-time during the deposition. Here we show for the first time the evolution of the band gap and the sub-band-gap defect absorption of CIGS thin...

Insect water balance plays an important role in determining energy budgets, activity patterns, survival, and population dynamics and, hence, geographic distribution. Tsetse (Glossina spp.) are important vectors of human and animal disease occupying a wide range of habitats in Africa and are notable for their desiccation resistance in xeric environments. Here, we measure water balance and relate...

We report a 75dB, 2.8μW, 100Hz-10kHz envelope detector in a 1.5μm 2.8V CMOS technology. The envelope detector performs input-dc-insensitive voltage-to-currentconverting rectification followed by novel nanopower current-mode peak detection. The use of a subthreshold widelinear-range transconductor (WLR OTA) allows greater than 1.7Vpp input voltage swings. We show theoretically that this optimal ...

Coastal areas are increasingly endangered by climate change and associated sea level rise, which could have serious consequences, such as shoreline erosion coastal city submergence. The current study aims to conduct a historical trend analysis (HTA) predict the changes of Nile Delta coasts. Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software, with GIS environment, is used for monitoring using num...

This study presents a technique for processing Step-frequency continuous wave (SFCW) ground penetrating radar (GPR) data to detect tree roots. SFCW GPR is portable and enables precise control of energy levels, balancing depth resolution trade-offs. However, the high-frequency components transmission band suffers from poor capability generates noise that interferes with root detection. The propo...

Exogenous application of the protein elicitors MoHrip1 and MoHrip2, which were isolated from the pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae), was previously shown to induce a hypersensitive response in tobacco and to enhance resistance to rice blast. In this work, we successfully transformed rice with the mohrip1 and mohrip2 genes separately. The MoHrip1 and MoHrip2 transgenic rice plants ...

Latest developments in computing and technology, along with the availability of large amounts of raw data, have led to the development of many computational techniques and algorithms. Concerning binary data classification in particular, analysis of data containing rare events or disproportionate class distributions poses a great challenge to industry and to the machine learning community. Logis...

This paper investigates how competitive cyber-insurers affect network security and welfare of the networked society. In our model, a user’s probability to incur damage (from being attacked) depends on both his security and the network security, with the latter taken by individual users as given. First, we consider cyberinsurers who cannot observe (and thus, affect) individual user security. Thi...

Gestational weight gain (GWG) is important for health policy as it may be associated with overweight epidemics in childhood and adolescence. The purpose of the study was to perform the risk assessment of joint effects of the excessive GWG and the pregravid maternal BMI on overweight in infancy and childhood. The observations were collected in the ongoing prospective birth cohort study of 482 no...

Coasts and coastlines in many parts of the world are highly dynamic nature, where large changes shoreline position can occur due to natural anthropogenic influences. The prediction future positions is great importance better planning management coastal areas. With an aim assess different methods prediction, this study investigates performance predictions by quantifying how varies depending on t...