The development of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers has been propagated for replacement of the oxygen carrying properties of red blood cells for almost one century. Using a Clark-type multi-wire oxygen surface electrode and the dorsal skin fold chamber model of the awake Syrian golden hamster, local tissue pO(2) was analyzed in the thin striated skin muscle before and after administration of an...

background: increased costs and mortality associated with inappropriate blood transfusions have led to investigations about blood request and blood transfusion techniques. we investigated the transfusion status in patients who underwent orthopedic surgery in poursina hospital (rasht, iran) to optimizing blood usage and determine if a scheduled transfusion program for every orthopedic surgery co...

BACKGROUND Priapism is unwanted painful penile erection that affects about 36% of boys and men with sickle cell disease (SCD) most of whom have sickle cell anemia. Clinically, priapism could be stuttering, minor, or major. The first two types are mild, last < 4 h, are usually treated at home, have good prognosis with normal sexual function. The major type of priapism lasts >4 h, associated with...

Transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) in neonates is rare. TTM can occur in both endemic and nonendemic areas because the current tests used to screen the donor blood for malaria are unreliable when there is low parasitemia. Malaria must be considered as an important differential diagnosis for neonatal sepsis after exchange transfusion. Management strategy in TTM in the neonatal period is not s...

OBJECTIVES To report on the results of a project following term and near term newborn infants who were jaundiced during the neonatal period. METHODS Neonates were referred to the follow-up clinic with weight >/= 2,000 g and/or gestational age >/= 35 weeks, and jaundice at discharge was initially assessed with an Ingram icterometer or Bilicheck and, if indicated, with a Unistat bilirubinometer...

Studies were done on dogs in vivo to determine the effect of intracardiac blood on the electrocardiogram. By exchange transfusions of packed cells or of Rheomacrodex, hematocrit was raised to over 70% or lowered to 16%. The electrical resistivity of the blood changed accordingly from control values of 150 ohm-cm to over 500 ohm-cm or to as low as 67 ohm-cm. The x-, y-, and zvector leads were pr...

Increased activity of the renin/aldosterone system in the neonatal period is now well established in both animals and man but the control mechanisms are poorly understood. We have monitored the plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAldo) in 14 infants undergoing 21 exchange transfusions. PRA and PAldo were measured before and at 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes aft...

In a prospective study of 148 children from urbanized southern Finland 3 were found to be congenitally and 48 perinatally infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV), while 6 developed 'late' infection during the first year of life. During pregnancy and the first year after delivery 23 of the mothers had no CMV antibodies; none of the children of these seronegative mothers developed any type of CMV inf...

Under ordinary conditions musculofascial cross-grafts made between pairs of rabbits of the same strain and species elicited classical host-homograft tissue interactions. When the cross-grafting was done 7 to 10 days after exchange transfusions leading to introduction of about 40 per cent of foreign blood, the classical host-homograft reaction failed to develop. In its stead there was an harmoni...

John Dique (1915-1995) epitomized the internationalism of medicine, the intellectual and manual dexterity of many pioneers of dialysis, and the social concern evinced by many nephrologists. Born in Burma of French, German, British and Indian ancestry; educated in India; an Anglo-Indian who described himself as British without ever having visited Britain; he moved to Australia in 1948 to escape ...