Abstract Introduction: Chronic heterogeneous stress may be better for evaluation of the effect of chronic stress situations on the nociceptive behaviour. The present study investigated the effects of chronic heterogeneous sequential stress on thermal-induced nociception and formalin induced pain behavior in rats. Methods: In the present study, adult rats (220-300 g) were used. Animals were ...

Trauma-induced cold intolerance (cold sensitivity) is characterised by pain, stiffness, altered sensibility, or colour change associated with cold exposure (Campbell and Kay 1998), and is common after nerve injury or surgery (Irwin et al 1997). The Immersion in Cold water Evaluation (ICE) is a cold stress test administered through a standardised protocol where the hand is immersed in cold water...

The fact that consumption of normally palatable foods is affected by stress in both humans and rats suggests a means to assess hedonic reaction in non-verbal animals. However, little is known about anhedonia and stress in productive animals such as pigs. Thus we examined the separate effects of social stress and restraint stress in 42-day old pigs on the preference for dilute sucrose solutions ...

Endothelial dysfunction is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity; however, this dysfunction may be ameliorated by several therapies. For example, it has been reported that heat-induced increases in blood flow and shear stress enhance endothelium-mediated vasodilator function. Under these backgrounds, we expect that carbon dioxide (CO2)-rich water-induced increase in s...

Although the mechanism responsible for cognitive deficits in stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders has been obscure, prefrontal cortical (PFC) dopaminergic dysfunction is thought to be involved. In animals, the mesoprefrontal dopaminergic system is particularly vulnerable to stress, and chronic stress induces working memory impairment. However, the relation between the working memory impair...