We examined the effect of oral breathing on respiratory movements, including the number of respirations and the movement of the thoracic wall at rest and while chewing gum. Forty normal nose breathers were selected by detecting expiratory airflow from the mouth using a CO2 sensor. Chest measurements were recorded using a Piezo respiratory belt transducer, and electromyographic (EMG) activity of...

This study aimed to characterize the amplitude and speed of isolated jaw movements and chewing using electrognathography in a volunteer and to compare these data with those of two other Parkinson Disease (PD) subjects, differentiated by the motor characteristics. Method: The 3 participants were divided into three categories: one with 1 non-PD volunteer, a second category with 1 volunteer charac...

Although there is ample evidence for a cognitive-attentional benefit of the stimulant nicotine, the source of this benefit is not as well understood. One approach is to address what aspects of performance nicotine affects at a functional systems level. It is currently debated whether the benefits produced by nicotine are the effect of enhanced higher cognitive function or reflect an overall inc...

UNLABELLED This study aimed to characterize the amplitude and speed of isolated jaw movements and chewing using electrognathography in a volunteer and to compare these data with those of two other Parkinson Disease (PD) subjects, differentiated by the motor characteristics. METHOD The 3 participants were divided into three categories: one with 1 non-PD volunteer, a second category with 1 volu...

In the diversified literature on occlusion and its role for functional patterns of the masticatory system, two conflicting concepts stand out: (1) canine protection as described by D’Amico and others is said to favor a vertical chewing pattern and to prevent wear of teeth, as in lateral occlusion where the canine guides the mandibular movement directly through contact or indirectly through peri...

Figure heads are words without autonomous content, such as the copula and the infinitival to. They pose a challenge for the head-driven semantics of HPSG-94, since the latter requires the CONTENTjNUCLEUS value of a head-complement combination to be identical to the one of its head daughter. As a consequence, if the head is semantically vacuous, the combination is —erroneously— predicted to be v...

Occlusion is an important factor that affects chewing. Unilateral posterior crossbites (UPXBs) have been reported to be one of the most prevalent malocclusions in the primary dentition and patients with UPXBs show abnormal condylar motion on the crossbite side in the mediolateral direction during mastication. The aims of this study were to investigate the characteristics of common chewing cycle...

In this clinical study, pre- and post-rehabilitation changes in intraborder mandible movements, chewing cycles, masticatory efficiencies, and borders of the chewing area of patients with unilateral muscular disorders (MD) (n = 20) or unilateral disc derangement disorders (DDD) (n = 20) of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) were observed and compared with healthy individuals with full dentition (n...

M astication is a feature of mammalian evolution. Whereas in earlier species primitive teeth were present that served to grip and puncture the skin of living prey, which was then swallowed whole, it was in mammals that the teeth were first used for trituration of the food to facilitate salivation and digestion. In an attempt to achieve a better understanding of the chewing mechanism, research h...