Two novel highly water-soluble tetrazolium salts, WST-1 (4-[3-(4-iodophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulfonate sodium salt) and WST-8 (4-[3-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulfonate sodium salt) were applied to the assay of superoxide dismutase (SOD). The superoxide anion generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XO) reduced WST-...

Two efficient processes for the synthesis of 12 relatively water-soluble binary triazolium and the first tetrazolium borane [B12H12] and carborane [CB11H12] salts by a one-step, open-air metathesis reaction have been developed. First, a combination of exhaustive trituration of the two solid reactant salts with refluxing anhydrous acetonitrile followed by flash filtration through a plug of silic...

The traditional method for measuring the activity of the electron-transport system (ETS) gives an estimate of the potential respiration rate, since it measures the rate under saturated substrate conditions (V(max)). Accumulated literature data indicate that this does not relate closely to the actual respiration rate. The new method described here is based on reduction of tetrazolium violet in a...

The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test has been evaluated as a means of differentiating episodes of infection and rejection in 10 cadaver kidney transplant recipients. Normal NBT values were observed during all 11 episodes of acute rejection. A significant elevation of the NBT score was encountered in six of eight episodes of infection after transplantation. A positive NBT result is useful additi...

The nitroblue-tetrazolium (NBT) slide test has been applied widely to assist in the diagnosis of bacterial infection. The test involves mixing a small amount of heparinized blood with a solution of NBT and noting the percentage of neutrophils that contain reduced NBT after a fixed period of incubation. Although it has been recognized that anticoagulants can influence the scores obtained, the me...