BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. As there is no definitive diagnostic test, its diagnosis is based on clinical criteria. Recently transcranial duplex scanning (TCD) of the substantia nigra in the brainstem has been proposed as an instrument to diagnose PD. We and others have found that TCD scanning of substantia nigra duplex is a relative...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Blood flow within the middle cerebral artery can be monitored by transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography. Arterial stenosis can produce turbulent flow, but controversy remains regarding the degree of stenosis needed to cause TCD-detectable turbulence. Furthermore, cerebral emboli and turbulent flow may coexist in the same patient. The current study was designed to stud...

OBJECTIVE To review the use of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) and transcranial color-coded sonography (TCCS) for diagnosis. METHODS The authors searched the literature for evidence of 1) if TCD provides useful information in specific clinical settings; 2) if using this information improves clinical decision making, as reflected by improved patient outcomes; and 3) if TCD is prefer...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is the most common cause of cryptogenic stroke in patients younger than 55. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has been accepted as the reference diagnostic technique. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), TEE and transcranial Doppler (TCD) in the diagnosis and quantification of p...

BACKGROUND Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD) is a sensitive, real time tool for monitoring cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV). This technique is fast, accurate, reproducible and noninvasive. In the setting of congenital heart surgery, TCD finds application in the evaluation of cerebral blood flow variations during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODOLOGY We performed a search on human s...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) can evaluate noninvasively the blood flow velocities and patency of the main trunk of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Using TCD we evaluated MCA patency and patterns of flow through the circle of Willis in patients with acute stroke. METHODS Patients with symptoms of hemispheric stroke were evaluated with serial TCD tests during a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Clot dissolution with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) can lead to early clinical recovery after stroke. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) with low MHz frequency can determine arterial occlusion and monitor recanalization and may potentiate thrombolysis. METHODS Stroke patients receiving intravenous tPA were monitored during infusion with portable TCD (Multigon 500M; DWL Mul...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of our study was to investigate whether emergency transcranial Doppler (TCD) findings and their modifications over the first 48 hours are related to early neurological changes in acute ischemic stroke patients. METHODS Ninety-three patients underwent CT scan within 5 hours of a first-ever ischemic hemispheric stroke, and TCD serial examinations at 6, 24, and...

Background and Purpose—Clot dissolution with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) can lead to early clinical recovery after stroke. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) with low MHz frequency can determine arterial occlusion and monitor recanalization and may potentiate thrombolysis. Methods—Stroke patients receiving intravenous tPA were monitored during infusion with portable TCD (Multigon 500M; DWL Multi...