Background Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) is defined as an excessive collapse of the intrathoracic trachea. Bronchoscopy is the gold standard to diagnose TBM, but bronchoscopy has major disadvantages, such as general anesthesia. Cine-CT is a non-invasive alternative to diagnose TBM, but its use in children is restricted by ionizing radiation. Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility of spirometerco...

Reasons for poor outcomes in tuberculous meningitis (TBM), which accounts for 2.3% of all tuberculosis cases in Thailand, are still being debated. Here, we studied factors associated with functional outcomes of TBM patients in Thailand where tuberculosis is endemic. We retrospectively reviewed all patients diagnosed with TBM at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, between Janua...

We have recently reported that interleukin 18 (IL-18) pretreatment induces ¡mmunologically mediated antitumor effects in BALB/c mice injected i.p. with syngeneic Meth A sarcoma. In this study, mice were pretreated with IL-18 before Meth A transplantation, and immunocompetency in pretreated or untreated tumor-bearing mice (TBM) 3,9, and 15 days after transplantation was compared with that of no...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE To investigate the clinical features, laboratory test results, imaging data, and prognostic predictors of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in adults. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 108 adult patients with a diagnosis of TBM over a 6-year period. Patients were divided into "definite" and "probable" groups, depending on the diagnosis made by (1) positive culture, or polymera...

The diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) remains a complex issue because the most widely used conventional diagnostic tools, such as culture and PCR assay for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples, are unable to rapidly detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis with sufficient sensitivity in the acute phase of TBM. Based on TaqMan PCR, we designed a novel technique consisting of an internally controll...

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most devastating form of tuberculosis. Both intracerebral and peripheral blood immune responses may be relevant to pathogenesis, diagnosis, and outcome. In this study, the relationship between pretreatment host response, disease phenotype, and outcome in Vietnamese adults with TBM was examined. Before treatment, peripheral blood IFN-gamma ELISPOT responses to...

Tensor-based morphometry (TBM) is an image analysis technique that measures brain structural differences, cross sectional differences or changes over time in repeat scans, from the gradients of deformation fields that align one image to another. TBM may be applied to cross-sectional MRI data for local volumetric comparisons, based on nonlinearly registering individual brain scans to a common an...

Tuberculosis (TB) which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects primarily the lungs but it also affects other parts of the body. Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of TB and has the highest mortality and morbidity rate compared to other forms of TB. It is common in young children and HIV-infected patients, but is also seen in adults. Despite anti-tuberculosis treatment...

INTRODUCTION Central nervous system tuberculosis is the most severe form of extrapulmonary TB and it is associated with a substantial morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES To describe the demographic profile, clinical features, laboratory and imaging results of a cohort of adult patients with TBM (Tuberculous meningitis). METHODS This study encompasses a prospective analysis of all adult case...