In the framework of study on wood inhabiting Hyphomycetes in Gilan province, Iran, during 2002- 2003 eighteen taxa belonging to different genera were identified as follows: Chloridium botryoideum, Dendryphiopsis atra, Epicoccum nigrum, Periconia minutissima, Periconia byssoides, Periconia sp., Phaeoisaria clematidis, Pseudospiropes simplex, Sporidesmium adscendens, Sporidesmium brachypus, Spori...

BACKGROUND This multicenter, observational study was conducted in three European countries (Germany, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom) to determine the exposure of adult cigarette smokers and nonsmokers to selected cigarette smoke constituents: 1,3-butadiene, 2-naphthylamine, 4-aminobiphenyl, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), acrolein, benzene, carbon monoxide, nicotine, ...

to evaluate the nutritive value in some lignocellulosic materials, 3 sets of experiments were conducted on aspen, and grape woods. to enhance the digestibility, the woods were treated with 5% naoh. throughout the first trial, chemical composition and digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter and ndf of experimental feeds, ph of rumen, as well as palatability were evaluated while ...

Wood vinegar is a substance, derived from cooling black carbon fire, which could be used instead of chemical materials in the agriculture industry as an organic compound. In order to study the effectiveness of pine wood vinegar on physiological and photosynthesis traits of cucumber, two experiments were conducted based on a completely randomized design with six treatments including 0, 1250, 200...

hemicellulose of southern yellow pine wood spices was extracted by pressurized hot water at three different temperatures: 140°c, 155°c and 170°c. compounding with pp (polypropylene) was performed by extrusion after preparing wood flour and sieving to determine its mesh size. the ratio of wood to polymer was 50:50 based on oven-dry weight of wood flour. all extraction treatments and control samp...

This study demonstrates the ability of tar isolated from environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) to nick DNA in mammalian cells. Solutions of ETS tar behave similarly to aqueous solutions of cigarette tar from mainstream smoke. Both solutions contain the tar semiquinone radical, and this radical associates with the DNA in viable rat alveolar macrophages. Solutions of tar from ETS cause single-strand ...

OBJECTIVE AND HYPOTHESIS To determine whether a temporal relationship exists between the advertising and sales of low-tar cigarettes. It was hypothesised that increases in the advertising of low-tar cigarettes would precede increases in sales for these cigarettes. METHODS The themes of cigarette advertisements were reviewed and coded for 20 low-tar cigarette brands advertised in 13 widely rea...

The ability of aqueous extracts of cigarette tar to nick DNA was investigated using viable mammalian cells. Tar extracts contain a radical with a stable electron spin resonance (ESR) signal at g = 2.0036 characteristic of a semiquinone. The association of the tar component that carries the ESR signal with DNA was demonstrated using viable rat alveolar macrophages. The formation of single-strand...

Objectives: Little is known about the quality of life and clear cut radiographic grades of ankle arthritis in patients with indication for the total ankle replacement (TAR) comparing with patients without indication for TAR. This study was to compare the quality of life and radiographic grades of ankle arthritis in patients who had ankle arthritis with and without indication for TAR. Methods: F...