Objective(s): AMP-activated protein kinase/sirtuin 1 (AMPK/SIRT1) signaling pathway has been proved to be involved in the regulation of autophagy in various models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway on autophagy after spinal cord injury (SCI). Materials and Methods:The SCI model was established in rats in vivo and the primary spinal cord neurons were subject...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord that leads to sudden loss of motor and autonomic function and sensory under the level of the injury. Studies showed that individuals with SCI has a clear tendency to vitamins level change. The aim of this study was to review the vitamins level in spinal cord injury. Vitamins C level decrease in the injured spinal cord patient. Vitamins C hav...

initial presentation of diastematomyelia is rarely seen in adults. the purpose of this case report is to present a case of clinically silent diastematomyelia unrecognized into adulthood and review of the literature. a 53-year-old persian man was admitted to our hospital with gait disturbance, weakness of the right lower extremity, sensory loss of the left and right lower extremity of two weeks’...

During development, many migrating neurons are thought to guide on radially oriented glia to reach their adult locations. However, members of the 'U-shaped' group of cholinergic interneurons in embryonic rat spinal cord appeared to migrate in a direction perpendicular to the orientation of radial glia. This 'U-shaped' group of cells was located around the ventral ventricular zone on embryonic d...

There were few presentations at the recent International Conference on Basic and Molecular Mechanisms of Anaesthesia (MAC2001) concerning subcortical anaesthetic actions studied in vitro. In addition to the spinal cord studies from the author's laboratory presented in detail here and the review of the associated literature, there was one other presentation on the spinal cord slice, which will b...

Background: Following spinal cord injury, reactive astrocytes upregulate chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) which act as a barrier to neuronal repair and regeneration. Therefore, enzymatic digestion of CSPGs by chondroitinase ABC (cABC) is a key strategy in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Furthermore, cABC has been shown to attenuate post spinal cord injury inflamma...

Compound action potential (CAP) of spinal cord represents valuable properties of neural fibers including excitability, rate of myelination and membrane integrity. These properties are measured using amplitude, latency and area under curve of CAPs recorded from spinal cord. Here, the isolated spinal cord was set in a double sucrose gap (DSG) chamber and its response to intracellular stimulation ...

Recently, the cannabinoid (CB) receptor agonist anandamide (AEA) has been shown to excite perivascular terminals of primary sensory neurons via activation of the vanilloid receptor-1 (VR-1). To determine whether AEA stimulates central terminals of these neurons, via VR-1 activation, we studied the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)- and substance P (SP)-like immunoreactivities (L...