introduction : pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma is an uncommon histological variety of bronchogenic carcinoma, and has histologic areas differentiated as both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma and has clinical behavior more like that of adenocarcinoma. tumor stage is higher at the time of diagnosis, and survival is poorer. case presentation : we present a 65 years old woman with bulgi...

the skull of two lacertid lizards of iran including eremias persica from isfahan province, central iranian plateau and mesalina watsonana from birjand in southern khorasan province, eastern iran, was described and compared based on seven dry skull preparations. prominent differences included: the shape of the premaxilla and its articulation with other skull elements, the shape of the frontal (p...

Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a benign entity that may present as a solid mass mimicking a malignant neoplasm. Histologically, they are composed of varying proportions of myofibroblastic spindle cells, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. Skull base IPT is rare and usually occurs in adults with no sex predilection. The skull base IPT typically presents with headache, and/or cranial nerve palsy. T...

This work develops a generalized linear skull fracture criterion, the skull fracture correlate, SFC, applicable to impacts by flat targets on the skull in any angle. The SFC is the averaged acceleration over the HIC15 time interval based on data obtained from Hybrid-III headform impact tests. For 15% or less probability of skull fracture the threshold is SFC < 124 g, with a 95% confidence band ...

Growing skull fracture is a rare complication of head injury in which 90% of the cases occur among children less than 3 years old. Only two cases have been reported in the adult population [1, 2]. We report a rounded lytic skull defect in a 75-year-old man that was surgically and pathologically determined to be a growing skull fracture despite a deceptive radiologic appearance simulating a lyti...

Hypophosphatasia is a rare hereditary disorder of bone metabolism.In this article, we presented the case of a male infant with a soft skull and short, deformed limbs at birth, followed by seizures and respiratory distress during admission in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Prenatal ultrasound showed limb hypoplasia, skull hypomineralization, and polyhydramnios. Seizures occurred on day...

Craniosynostosis is a serious and common pediatric disease caused by the premature fusion of the sutures of the skull. Early fusion results in severe deformities in skull shape due to the restriction of bone growth perpendicular to the fused suture and compensatory growth in unfused skull plates. Calvarial (skull) abnormalities are frequently associated with severe impaired central nervous syst...

To demonstrate the phylogenetic changes that have led to the current form of the human skull, dried skulls of various representative vertebrates were examined using plain radiography and high-resolution computed tomography. The latter was chosen rather than pluridirectional tomography in anticipation of its future role as the major method for imaging the skull base. The phylogenetic history of ...

Head injuries resulting from motor vehicle crashes (MVC) are extremely common, yet the details of the mechanism of injury remain to be well characterized. Skull deformation is believed to be a contributing factor to some types of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Understanding biomechanical contributors to skull deformation would provide further insight into the mechanism of head injury resulting f...