Introduction: Resistance of pathogenic organisms to countenance antibiotics has become a worldwide problem with serious consequences on the treatment of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibiotic resistance and also the detection of transferred antibiotic resistance by plasmid in clinical Proteus isolates. Materials and methods: A total of 250 urine samples were ...

Many recent studies have shown that glycosylation patterns of Agaricus bisporus are similar to those of mammalians, so that this organism is a good candidate for the expression of glycosylated pharmaceutical protein. To achieve constant interested gene expression in all cells of the organism, proper promoter isolation is necessary. To isolate this promoter, PCR with specific primers was perform...

A cloned 270-nucleotide fragment from the origin region of the M13 duplex replicative form DNA confers an M13-dependent replication mechanism upon the plasmid vector pBR322. This M13 insert permits M13 helper-dependent replication of the hybrid plasmid in polA cells which are unable to replicate the pBR322 replicon alone. Using in vitro techniques, we have constructed several plasmids containin...

Methods have been developed for chemical transformation and electro-transformation (electroporation) of vegetative cells of Bacillus anthracis with supercoiled plasmid DNA. Chemical transformation was dependent on incubation in Tris/HCl with osmotic support and transformation with plasmid DNA was effected by treatment with polyethylene glycol 3350. Maximum transformation frequencies were 3.8 x ...

UNLABELLED The chlamydiae are important human pathogens. Lack of a genetic manipulation system has impeded understanding of the molecular bases of virulence for these bacteria. We developed a dendrimer-enabled system for transformation of chlamydiae and used it to characterize the effects of inserting the C. trachomatis plasmid into C. pneumoniae, which lacks any plasmids. The plasmid was clone...

We report the development of a plasmid-mediated transformation system for Arthrobacter sp. NRRLB3381, using the Streptomyces cloning vector pIJ702. Our procedure gives a transformation frequency of 10(3)/micrograms of plasmid DNA. In addition we have explored the expression of the Arthrobacter ermA gene in Streptomyces lividans and Escherichia coli, and shown that the ermA promoter is recognize...

CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful gene editing tool in vivo and in vitro. Currently, CRISPR/Cas9 delivery cells or tissue with different vehicles are available, and Adeno- associated virus (AAV) in one of them. Due to AAV packaging size limitation, AAV base vectors that carry CRISPR/Cas9 system do not have florescent tag like GFP for simple detection and navigation of cells, containing AAV. The ...

Hybrid or polyploid clones of Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced by protoplast fusion were easily isolated by selecting transformants with the plasmid phenotype because the transformation was directly associated with cell fusion. When haploid cells were used as the original strain, the transformants were mostly diploids with a significant fraction of polyploids (triploids or tetraploids). Repeat...