It has recently been conjectured that dyslexia arises from abnormal auditory sampling. What sampling rate is altered and how it affects reading remains unclear. We hypothesized that by impairing phonemic parsing abnormal low-gamma sampling could yield phonemic representations of unusual format and disrupt phonological processing and verbal memory. Using magnetoencephalography and behavioral tes...

Top-down feedback does not benefit speech recognition; on the contrary, it can hinder it. No experimental data imply that feedback loops are required for speech recognition. Feedback is accordingly unnecessary and spoken word recognition is modular. To defend this thesis, we analyse lexical involvement in phonemic decision making. TRACE (McClelland & Elman 1986), a model with feedback from the ...

BACKGROUND Verbal fluency relies on the coordinated activity between left frontal and temporal areas. Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) present phonemic and semantic fluency deficits. Recent studies suggest that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhances adaptative patterns of brain activity between functionally connected areas. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess ...

Background: Verbal fluency relies on the coordinated activity between left frontal and temporal areas.Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) present phonemic and semantic fluency deficits. Recent studiessuggest that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhances adaptative patterns of brain activitybetween functionally connected areas.Objective: The aimof this studywas ...

The importance of phonological and phonemic awareness knowledge in learning to be literate has been demonstrated in many studies. One dimension of the acquisition of this knowledge, the developmental trend from an implicit awareness of rimes to an explicit awareness of phonemes has attracted substantial interest. A second dimension, a trend in the amount of phonemic knowledge that can be manipu...

Discriminiationi of synthetic speech sounds was studied in 1- and 4-month-old infants. The speech sounds varied along an acoustic dimension previously shown to cue phonemic distinctions among the voiced and voiceless stop consonants in adults. Discriminability was measured by an increase in conditioned response rate to a second speech sound after habituation to the first speech sound. Recovery ...

Two phoneme goodness rating experiments addressed the role of orthographic knowledge in the evaluation of speech sounds. Ratings for the best tokens of /s/ were higher in words spelled with S (e.g., bless) than in words where /s/ was spelled with C (e.g., voice). This difference did not appear for analogous nonwords for which every lexical neighbour had either S or C spelling (pless, floice). M...

We investigated the relationship between three potential markers for reading difficulties (phonemic awareness, verbal short-term memory, and rapid automatized naming) and students’ responsiveness to Reading Recovery instruction. At pretest, students’ most prevalent weakness was on phonemic awareness, but more than half were below average on rapid automatized naming. Students who entered Reading...

We investigate the relationship between vowel quantity and the utilization of formant space in Slovak, and how prosodic variation in speech rate and lexical stress marking affects this relationship. Slovak presents a common five-vowel system with full phonemic quantity contrast for all vowels in all positions. We found that 1) phonemic quantity contrast in Slovak is salient and minimally affect...