The ability of the bacterium, Rhodococcus UKM-P, to degrade phenol was studied in shake flask culture. The effect of the cultivation parameters (temperature, pH, type and concentration of nitrogen source and salt concentration) on growth of the bacterium and phenol degradation was evaluated. The highest cell growth and the amount of phenol degraded (0.5 g/L) were observed in optimized cultivati...

Piotrowski, J. K. (1971). Brit. J. industr. Med., 28, 172-178. Evaluation of exposure to phenol: absorption of phenol vapour in the lungs and through the skin and excretion of phenol in urine. Volunteers were exposed to phenol vapour (5 to 25 mg/r3) by inhalation and through the skin, respectively, and the excretion of phenol in urine was examined. The retention of vapour in the lungs decreased...

This work deals with a new abiotic oxidation process designed as a suitable pre-treatment step within a biological depuration of wastewater containing phenol or its derivatives (o-cresol, 2-chlorophenol and p-nitrophenol) or aniline. The reaction was carried out in a stirred tank reactor at 20 degrees C and atmospheric pressure in presence of the organic compound, 150mgl(-1), zero valent iron p...

This work studies the use of biological and combined biological/enzymatic treatments in phenol degradation. The systems studied were conventional batch aerobic biological followed or preceded by enzymatic treatment. Tyrosinase extracted from the mushroom Agaricus bispora was employed. Biological treatment efficiently degraded effluents containing up to 420 mg.L of phenol, removing 97% of the CO...

This study investigated the catabolic potential of a eukaryotic alga to degrade one of the most common organic pollutants, phenol. The alga, Ochromonas danica (993/28), was selected for study after screening for its heterotrophic capabilities. The catabolic versatility of the alga was elucidated by incubating with a variety of phenolic compounds. The alga removed phenol, all the cresol isomers ...

Humins are low-value-added byproducts from the biomass acid hydrolysis process. In the present work, humins were first employed as a phenol replacement for synthesis of modified phenol-formaldehyde adhesives through a two-step process. In this process, humins were first utilized to obtain alkaline soluble products, mainly consisting of phenolics, through a hydrothermal process. The obtained alk...

Wet oxidation of phenol over an Fe/activated carbon catalyst has been studied in a trickle-bed reactor in the following operational window: inlet C phenol=0.5 and 1 g/L, T=100-127 ◦C, PT=3-8 atm, W=0-4.8 g, QL=0.125-2 mL/min and QO2=91.6 NmL/min. The experiments were carried out in the absence of mass transfer limitations. Oxidation and mineralization reactions of phenol are proven to take plac...

Biodegradation of phenol in the presence of glucose as a supplementary substrate was investigated with mixed microbial consortium isolated from waste effluent of coke-steel factory. Batch experiments were carried out at room temperature and pH value of 7. Initial phenol and glucose concentrations were in the range of 25-1000 mg/l and 500-3000 mg/l, respectively. In a dual substrates system the ...

Several floc-forming bacteria and phenol-decomposing bacteria were isolated from a phenol-adapted activated sludge. Strain No. 12 was the best floc-former and the ratio of flocculated cells to total cells was 90 or more. A model floc was formed by the mixed culture of the strain No. 12 and No. 3, which was one of representative strains of phenoldecomposing bacteria. This model floc can successf...

In this research, we investigated the use of an inexpensive thermally regenerated activated carbon as a pre-adsorbent in the solidification/stabilization of phenol-contaminated sand. Our results show that even the addition of very low amounts of regenerated activated carbon (1%-2% w/w sand) resulted in the rapid adsorption of phenol in the Chemical solidification/stabilization (S/S) matrix, wit...