In order to analyse traffic injury reporting in Ghanaian newspapers and identify opportunities for improving road safety, the content of 240 articles on road traffic injury was reviewed from 2005 to 2006 editions of two state-owned and two privately owned newspapers. The articles comprised reports on vehicle crashes (37%), commentaries (33%), informational pieces (12%), reports on pedestrian in...

Pedestrian crowd simulation explores crowd behaviors in virtual environments. It is extensively studied in many areas, such as safety and civil engineering, transportation, social science, entertainment industry and so on. As a common phenomenon in pedestrian crowds, grouping can play important roles in crowd behaviors. To achieve more realistic simulations, it is important to support group mod...

Œere has recently been a renewed interest in planning for pedestrian trac, primarily in connection to public transport interchange stations, since these are important for public transport to constitute an aŠractive alternative to car usage. Œis thesis concerns microscopic simulation of pedestrian trac, which is a promising tool for analyzing and predicting the trac situation in a given pedes...

Local features are usually used to describe pedestrian appearance. While most of existing pedestrian detection methods don’t make full use of context cues, such as associated relationships between local different locations. This paper proposes two novel kinds of local associated features, gradient orientation associated feature (GOAF) and local difference of ACF (ACF-LD), to exploit context inf...

Fuzzy probabilities have been widely used in the areas of risk assessment and decision making. Here, we propose a system based on fuzzy probabilities for assessing the intensity of pedestrian collisions and levels of injury. The proposed approach uses possibility probability distributions for demonstrating fuzzy probabilities. A composition of possibility probability distributions (fuzzy probab...

In the last 3 decades, between 4378 (in 2008) and 8090 (in 1979) pedestrians were killed each year in motor vehicle related crashes, representing 11% to 17% of the total roadway fatalities. Although the numbers of pedestrian deaths have been in decline steadily since 1980, their distributions have become more and more concentrated in urban areas. There is an urgent need to develop reliable pede...

A method for pedestrian detection from real world outdoor scenes is presented in this paper. The technique uses disparity information, ground plane estimation and biometric information based on the golden ratio. It can detect pedestrians even in the presence of severe occlusion or a lack of reliable disparity data. It also makes reliable choices in ambiguous areas since the pedestrian regions a...