Law360, New York (February 11, 2015, 10:13 AM ET) -For decades, parties accused of patent infringement in district court litigation have relied upon the doctrine of inherent anticipation to attack the validity of patent claims. Generally, such inherency arguments are supported by testimony from an expert witness. Because America Invents Act reviews before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office’s ...

We measured thresholds for the perception of blue under chromatic adaptation to white, green, yellow or red at the eccentricities of 0-70 deg in the temporal visual field of four subjects. We used a series of stimulus sizes at each eccentricity, without a prior assumption of any peripheral size-scaling factor. The CIE 1976 UCS (u',v') chromaticity coordinates corresponding to blue perception we...

The blue-blindness (tritanopia) of the human foveola normally goes unnoticed but can be directly visualized by having observers view a flickering, monochromatic, short-wavelength field. The blue scotoma appears as a tiny dark spot in central vision, the visibility of which depends upon the wavelength of the field and the temporal frequency of modulation. Comparisons of fading times as a functio...

In the title mol-ecule, [Cu(C(8)H(7)O(2)S)(2)(C(5)H(5)N)(2)(H(2)O)], the Cu(II) ion is penta-coordinated in a distorted square-pyramidal geometry by two O atoms of two 4-(methyl-sulfan-yl)benzoate anions and two N atoms of two pyridine ligands and a water O atom situated at the apical site. In the crystal structure, O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules into chains along the b axis.

This study introduces a long-pass dichroic filter (LPDF) on top of a phosphor-converted LED (pc-LED) packing associated with each corresponding tunable orthosilicate ((Ba,Sr)2SiO4:Eu) phosphor in order to fabricate tunable green pc-LEDs. These LPDF-capped green pc-LEDs provide luminous efficacies between 143–173 lm/W at 60 mA in a wavelength range between 515 and 560 nm. These tunable green pc-...

A laser-based double beam absorption detection system for aggregation immunoassays has been developed. The assay was based on the aggregation of gold nanoparticles that are coated with protein antigens in the presence of their corresponding antibodies. The aggregation of the gold nanoparticles results in an absorption change that is monitored at 635 nm using the double beam spectrometer. The no...

Following a 16-year clinical and parasitologic follow-up survey for Bancroftian filariasis in three endemic communities in northeastern Tanzania, serum antibody responses were analyzed in selected individuals in relation to the long-term observations on microfilaremia. Comparison of responses in three categories of adults (microfilaria [mf] positive at both surveys, mf positive at first but mf ...

Stars in globular clusters are generally believed to have all formed at the same time, early in the Galaxy's history 1. 'Blue stragglers' are stars sufficiently massive 2 that they should have evolved into white dwarfs long ago. Two possible mechanisms have been proposed for their formation: mass transfer between binary companions 3 , and stellar mergers induced by direct collisions between two...

We report the experimental realization of an optical trap that localizes single Cs atoms ≃215  nm from the surface of a dielectric nanofiber. By operating at magic wavelengths for pairs of counterpropagating red- and blue-detuned trapping beams, differential scalar light shifts are eliminated, and vector shifts are suppressed by ≈250. We thereby measure an absorption linewidth Γ/2π=5.7±0.1  MHz...

meta-Coupling isomers usually exhibit bluer emission than do the para-isomers, but the loss of efficiency with respect to photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) is an inevitable result in most cases, particularly for deep blue emitters. In this study, three blue emitting isomers, 4,4'-bis(1-phenyl-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-2-yl)biphenyl (BPPI), 3,4'-bis(1-phenyl-phenanthro[9,10-d]...