Most inequality research on the relationship between inequality and mental health has focused on cross-country variation. Findings from within-country data are mixed. We examined whether changes in municipal Gini index or in the share of people living in relative poverty were linked to changes in the use of antidepressants in several Finnish municipalities between 1995 and 2010. We found that m...

OBJECTIVE To identify the characteristics of managers and their use of management instruments in primary care and to analyze differences in these features among municipalities of different sizes. METHOD The present cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at 108 basic health units from 21 municipalities in northern Paraná, Brazil. The data were collected using a semi-structured questio...

This is the third in a series of reports on quality of life prepared by the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) using information derived from a variety of national and municipal data sources. The first report, published in 1999, addressed the social effects of the severe economic recession of the early 1990s, focusing on the period 1991 to 1996. A second report, published in 2001, iden...

BACKGROUND The Guide to Community Preventive Services recommends implementing community- and street-scale urban design, as well as land use policies and practices, to promote walking and bicycling. To better understand barriers to municipal walking and bicycling projects and policies, we surveyed municipal staff in North Carolina. METHODS We surveyed all 121 municipalities with at least 5,000...

This paper investigates the relationship between implementation of smart city initiatives and number new firms, paying special attention to rates green digital entrepreneurship as cities tend follow sustainable and/or orientations. We find evidence a positive (causal) relation in sample Belgian municipalities, particularly when these bottom-up approach level is high. In contrast, having orienta...

A major question in global environmental policy is whether schemes to reduce carbon pollution through forest management, such as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+), can also benefit biodiversity conservation in tropical countries. We identified municipalities in Brazil that are priorities for reducing rates of deforestation and thus preserving carbon stocks that are a...

In accordance with Law on Environment, Solid Waste Management Regulation, Metropolitan Municipalities Law and Municipal Law; Metropolitan municipalities and municipalities out of adjacent zones and the highest civilian authority out of these zones are responsible for ensuring the disposal of domestic and domestic-type industrial solid waste while avoiding environmental damage, ensuring the maxi...

In early 2013, the website gemeentegeschiedenis.nl was launched. The website presents a uniquely identifiable web page for every municipality in the Netherlands since 1812. Each of these web pages provides internal relations to official spelling alternatives of their names, to toponyms of settlements within these municipalities, between former and current municipalities, and presents maps of al...