During the switching on/off of shunt capacitor banks in substations, vacuum circuit breakers (VCBs) are required to switch off or to switch on the capacitive current. Therefore, the VCBs have to be operated under a harsh condition to ensure the reliability of the equipment. This study presents a complete comparison study of ordinary and phase-controlled VCBs on switching 10 kV shunt capacitor b...

A logarithmic term is applied to account for the charge transfer overvoltage with most empirical polarization curve fitting equations for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. The logarithmic term applied with state-of-the-art fitting equations is proportional to the logarithm of the cell output current density. This provides good fitting characteristics with large current densities, but res...

Electron channeling effects can create measurable signal intensity variations in all product signals that result from the scattering of the electron beam within a crystalline specimen. Of particular interest to the X-ray microanalyst are any variations that occur within the characteristic X-ray signal that are not directly related to a specimen composition variation. Many studies have documente...

Thyristors are susceptible to the increase rate of anode voltage, recovery overvoltage and current rate. They therefore protected by means supplementary circuits. Sometimes a protection circuit that has been designed attenuate certain transient process is not optimal for attenuation some other process, compromise solution needed. In this paper, operating conditions thyristor analyzed, where par...

In this paper, the mathematical modeling and simulation of electromagnetic transient processes is considered, which is of vital importance for examining the overvoltage phenomenon of power transmission systems. In the mathematical models of the AC power transmission systems that contain a power source, the power transformer, transmission line, and power autotransformer block are presented. The ...

The overvoltage level of a system is strongly dependent on the connected loads and with more precise models, better and more reliable simulation results are obtained. This paper presents the input impedance characteristics, measured over a wide range of frequencies, of various actual low-voltage residential installations. The measured frequency responses were fitted by effective RLC models and ...