introduction: timely diagnosis and treatment of post traumatic, elevated intracranial pressure (eicp), could reduce morbidity and mortality, as well as improve patients’ outcome. this study is trying to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of sonographic optic nerve sheath diameter (onsd) in detection of eicp. methods: sonographic onsd of patients with head trauma or cerebrovascular accident suspic...

Current states of traumatic eye injury are reviewed in terms of epidemiology in the developing countries and developed countries, causes of the trauma, eye injury types, traumatic eye injury diagnostic methods and treatments. Trauma-caused vision-threatening conditions such as open global injury, traumatic optic neuropathy and proliferative vitreoretinopathy are particularly discussed. Also the...

Reactive gliosis is a complex process that involves changes in gene expression and morphological remodeling. The mouse optic nerve, where astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes interact with retinal ganglion cell axons and each other, is a particularly suitable model for studying the molecular mechanisms of reactive gliosis. We triggered gliosis at the mouse optic nerve head by retro orbita...

background: few reports represent palmar cutaneous nerve neuropathy in the wrist due to a ganglion cyst. case presentation: a 25-year-old female was presented with a mass at volar side of the wrist and hypoesthesia at the base of thenar eminence. at ulrasonographic examination, a simple cyst was detected. sensory response of palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve was absent at the affected sid...

BACKGROUND Traditionally, ultrasound has been used to evaluate musculoskeletal injuries in athletes; however, ultrasound applications extend well beyond musculoskeletal conditions, many of which are pertinent to athletes. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Articles were identified in PubMed using the search terms ultrasound, echocardiogram, preparticipation physical examination, glycogen, focused assessmen...

The vascular anatomy of the optic nerve head is complex and sometimes misunderstood. This article reviews the anatomy and relevance to disease processes that affect this vital visual structure. Categories: Neurology, Ophthalmology, Neurosurgery

A 26-year-old-man who had suffered a severe electrical injury 3 years previously presented with blurred vision in his left eye caused by a posterior subcapsular cataract with nuclear sclerotic changes and peripapillary chorioretinal scarring. The pattern of retinal atrophy surrounding the optic nerve suggests a possible path of electrical current to the eye and demonstrates the selective tissue...

conclusion the study evaluated the biomechanical properties of the on and peripapillary structures in vivo with swe in glaucoma. we observed stiffer on and peripapillary tissue in glaucomatous eyes, indicating that swe claims new perspectives in the evaluation of on and peripapillary structures in glaucoma disease. background primary open-angle glaucoma is a multifactorial serious disease chara...