The aim of this study was to develop a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC)-based hydrogel and study its potential for the topical delivery of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Precirol® ATO 5 (glyceryl palmitostearate) and Labrasol® were selected as the solid and liquid lipid phases, respectively. Poloxamer 188 and Solutol® HS15 (polyoxyl-15-hydroxystearate) were selected as surfactants. The developed lipi...

‘The main linacs for the proposed Next Linear Collider (NLC) provide acceleration of up to 500 GeV per beam. The linacs operate in a regime where unavoidable imperfections and even natural ground motion cause significant emittance dilutions. In order to achieve the NLC luminosity goals, small emittance beams must be transported with an emittance growth of less than SLAC-PUB-7354 November 1996 O...

During the past several years, there has been tremendous progress on the development of the RF system and accelerating structures for a Next Linear Collider (NLC). Developments include high-power klystrons, RF pulse compression systems and damped/detuned accelerator structures to reduce wakefields. In order to integrate these separate development efforts into an actual X-band accelerator capabl...

Cliquewidth and NLC-width are two closely related parameters that measure the complexity of graphs. Both cliqueand NLC-width are defined to be the minimum number of labels required to create a labelled graph by certain terms of operations. Many hard problems on graphs become solvable in polynomial-time if the inputs are restricted to graphs of bounded cliqueorNLC-width. Cliquewidth andNLC-width...

BACKGROUND The spontaneous rupture of nonparasitic liver cysts (NLC) is sometimes seen in clinical practice. However, there are no guidelines that describe the optimal treatment strategy and the surgical indications for an NLC rupture due to a small number of reports. Here, we present a case who underwent elective laparoscopic deroofing to treat a spontaneously ruptured NLC that had undergone c...

In this paper, nonlinear-carrier (NLC) control is proposed for high-power-factor rectifiers based on flyback, Cuk or Sepic converters operated in the continuous conduction mode. In the NLC controller, the switch duty ratio is determined by comparing a signal proportional to the integral of the switch current with a periodic nonlinear carrier waveform. The shape of the NLC waveform is determined...

The main linacs of the next generation of linear colliders need to accelerate the particle beams to energies of up to 750 GeV while maintaining very small emittances. This paper describes the main mechanisms of static emittance growth in the main linacs of the Next Linear Collider (NLC). We present detailed simulations of the trajectory and emittance control algorithms that are foreseen for the...

An ibuprofen-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (IBU-NLC) was developed for enhanced skin penetration to improve the treatment of osteoarthritis and other musculoskeletal diseases. The mean particle size was 106 nm, with a spherical morphology, a smooth surface, and a zeta potential of -18.4 mV. X-ray diffraction studies revealed the amorphous state of the lipid matrix. Both Raman spectroscopy...

In the design of the Next Linear Collider (NLC), multibunch operation is employed to improve efficiency at the cost of substantial beam loading. The RF pulse that powers the accelerator structures will be shaped to compensate for the effect of the transient loading along the bunch train. This scheme has been implemented in the Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator (NLCTA), a facility built to t...