The recent development of optogenetics has created an increased demand for advancing engineering tools for optical modulation of neural circuitry. This paper details the design, fabrication, integration, and packaging procedures of a wirelessly-powered, light emitting diode (LED) coupled optrode neural interface for optogenetic studies. The LED-coupled optrode array employs microscale LED (μLED...

A multiple-unit artificial retina chipset (MARC) system to benefit the visually impaired is presented. The rehabilitative device replaces the functionality of defective photoreceptors within patients suffering from Retinal Pigmentosa (RP) and AgeRelated Macular Degeneration (AMD). The components of the MARC system are characterized, from the extraocular video camera, video processing chip, and ...

The application of artificial neural networks in particle physics is reviewed. The use of feed-forward nets is most common for event classification and function approximation. This network type is best suited for a hardware implementation and special VLSI chips are available which are used in fast trigger processors. Also discussed are fully connected networks of the Hopfield type for pattern r...

In this paper we discuss why special purpose chips are needed for useful implementations of connectionist neural networks in such applications as pattern recognition and classification. Three chip designs are described: a hybrid digital/analog programmable connection matrix, an analog connection matrix with adjustable connection strengths, and a digital pipe lined best-match chip. The common fe...

COVER Detail of a “wiring diagram” showing long-distance neural connections between major regions of the macaque brain. This visualization provides guidance for connecting multiple computer chips into a brainlike network. This diagram was awarded fi rst place in the illustration category in the 2012 Science/NSF International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge. The winning entries are...

different methods have been evaluated for manufacturing the porous ti6al4v alloys according todecreasing stress shielding phenomenon and increasing mechanical compatibility between themetallic components and the host tissue. for this purpose, in this work ti6al4v alloy chips werepressed under 400 mpa pressure and then samples were categorized and heated into two groups at1000 and 1150℃ under a ...

The settling time of cellular neural networks (CNNs) is crucial for both simulation and applications of VLSI CNN chips. The computational effort for the numerical integration may be drastically reduced, and CNN programs can be optimized, if a priori knowledge on the settling time is available. Moreover, this allows the parameters necessary to achieve higher processing speed to be tuned. For cer...

recently, mixtures of clay-tire chips are used as construction material in civil engineering projects. with respect to the tending for using these materials, it is necessary to know their mechanical behavior. thereby, a number of undrained monotonic triaxial tests are carried out on the specimens of pure clay and clay-tire chip mixtures. mixed specimens prepared by mixing pure clay with 10%, 20...

In this paper, experimental results on Cellular Neural Network Universal Machine (CNN-UM, [1]-[4]) chips will be presented. These analogic spatio-temporal visual microprocessors make it possible that one can use nonlinear waves as the basic kernels of algorithms solving filtering-reconstruction and/or detectionclassification problems. Showing output results from series of experiments it will be...

Ferroelectric Field-Effect Transistors In article number 2200032, Hang Luo, Jian Sun, and co-workers report how a ferroelectric field-effect transistor (FeFET) can work as both hysteresis-free low-power-consumption negative-capacitance memory device for neural computing. The functions are reconfigured controlled by modulating the behaviors of interfacial oxygen vacancies. frontispiece shows chi...