The Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe, and especially its sudden withdrawal from Hungary in 1242 CE, has generated much speculation and an array of controversial theories. None of them, however, considered multifaceted environmental drivers and the coupled analysis of historical reports and natural archives. Here we investigate annually resolved, absolutely dated and spatially explicit paleocli...

"Cabusnama" is an important book in the Persian literature. It was written by Prince AlZiari Onsur AlMaali Kikaoos Bin Iskander Bin Kaboos Bin Washmiger Bin Ziar in the fifth Hugri Century. The book contains a number of important pieces of economic, military, intellectual, ect. All these were written in forty four chapters. The book was presented to his son and successor Gilanshah to teach him ...

The appropriate place to begin a discussion of Information-Age measures is with a discussion of information and how it affects military operations. Information has always been an integral part of military operations, from the earliest days of organized combat to today’s modern armies. Commanders have always devoted considerable resources to improving intelligence reconnaissance and surveillance...

L’ouvrage de Thomas Allsen sur les perles vise a etudier leur usage dans l’Empire mongol. Il s’agit malheureusement du dernier livre que T. Allsen, cet eminent specialiste des Mongols, nous donne lire car il est decede en fevrier 2019, peu avant la publication The Steppe and the Sea. Pearls in Mongol Empire. Ce s’inscrit continuite avec recherches anterieures l’A. interactions politiques, cultu...