Our understanding of insect development and evolution has increased greatly due to recent advances in the comparative developmental approach. Modern developmental biology techniques such as in situ hybridization and molecular analysis of developmentally important genes and gene families have greatly facilitated these advances. The role of the comparative developmental approach in insect systema...

In the past two decades, molecular systematic studies have revolutionized our understanding of the evolutionary history of ferns. The availability of large molecular data sets together with efficient computer algorithms, now enables us to reconstruct evolutionary histories with previously unseen completeness. Here, the most comprehensive fern phylogeny to date, representing over one-fifth of th...

The maximum superheating and undercooling achievable at various heating ~or cooling! rates were investigated based on classical nucleation theory and undercooling experiments, molecular dynamics ~MD! simulations, and dynamic experiments. The highest ~or lowest! temperature Tc achievable in a superheated solid ~or an undercooled liquid! depends on a dimensionless nucleation barrier parameter b a...

Conceived as a baseline for the management and conservation of marine protected area French Southern Territories (réserve naturelle nationale des Terres australes françaises), checklist macroalgae Kerguelen Islands was updated based on an extensive review literature scientific databases, from first report Ross expedition, in 1840, to most recent works. This work also conceived starting point fo...