Toughness is a complex material characteristic that is viewed from multiple aspects and is influenced by numerous factors. It is very important to have ability to assess toughness, i.e. to determine ductile or brittle material behaviour at any specific time. Beside total impact energy obtained at Charpy instrumented pendulum, the use of additional parameters such as lateral extension measuremen...

Cast strips of 0.1mass% C steel with or without phosphorus addition have been characterized by electron back-scattering diffraction pattern (EBSP) measurements. Then the formation of globular ferrite structure was discussed. EBSP analysis combined with optical microscopy clearly showed that a globular grain was fitted to be an -ferrite grain. The EBSP analysis suggested that the retainedgrain g...

a neural network with feed forward topology and back propagation algorithm was used to investigate the effect of composition on mechanical properties in api x65 microalloyed steel (used in manufacturing of large diameter pipes). experimental data was obtained by cutting 100 specimens from pipes manufactured in industrial scale (with similar heats and manufacturing processes). the chemical analy...

This article extensively reviews published research on inclusions in ingot steel and defects on ingot products, methods to measure and detect inclusions in steel, the causes of exogenous inclusions, and the transport and entrapment of inclusions during fluid flow, segregation, and solidification of steel cast in ingot molds. Exogenous inclusions in ingots originate mainly from reoxidation of th...

Abstract The composite precipitation of Ti 2 O 3 + TiN during continuous casting has an important influence on the microstructure and properties slab. In order to study conditions , TiC second phase in titanium microalloyed steel, solid-liquid line temperature, initial temperature different phase, equilibrium actual solubility product at temperatures are calculated, rules steel liquid two-phase...

Introduction Ingot products account for 8.3% of the total crude steel produced in the world. It is produced either by top pouring or bottom pouring of the liquid in the moulds. The increasing demand for quality steels led to the evolution of bottom pouring technology for casting of steel ingots. This process constitutes of a set up involving pouring sprue and runner system to deliver liquid ste...