The capabilities of learning and memory in parents are presumably transmitted to their offsprings, in which genetic codes and epigenetic regulations are thought as molecular bases. As neural plasticity occurs during memory formation as cellular mechanism, we aim to examine the correlation of activity strengths at cortical glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons to the transgenerational inheritance ...

Background: Today, one of the world's most complex issues of fertility - infertility is becoming a concern. Under such conditions, evaluation mechanism and factors affecting fertility to control problem appears to be necessary and reasonable. Among these side effects of drugs should not be neglected. This study was designed to investigate the possible effects of Dexamethasone on rate of ep...

Mice derived entirely from embryonic stem (ES) cells can be generated through tetraploid complementation. Although XY male ES cell lines are commonly used in this system, occasionally, monosomic XO female mice produced spontaneous Y chromosome loss. Here, we describe an efficient method to obtain by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated deletion of the chromosome, allowing generation clonal The viable and able ...

one of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of the immune system by steroid hormones could be the monocytic-macrophage system. in this study the effect of the male hormone 5a-dht on cytokine release by peritoneal macrophages (mφ) of male and female nzb/balbc mice was investigated. macrophages from male mice activated with lps produced a greater amount of il-1β (21.8%) (p<0.05) and il-6 (19...

The detrimental effects of inbreeding on vertebrates are well documented for early stages of the life cycle in the laboratory. However, the consequences of inbreeding on long-term survival and reproductive success (Darwinian fitness) are uncertain for vertebrates in the wild. Here, we report direct experimental evidence for vertebrates that competition increases the harmful effects of inbreedin...

background: the effects of electromagnetic field (emf) on reproductive system have been of critical concern for a long time. it has been shown that the emf can adversely affect testicular cells and tissue and decrease male fertility. the most important determinants of male fertility are sperm development and motility, which are affected by changes in several factors including lipocalin 2 protei...

Bothrops envenomation is complex and provokes prominent local tissue damage systemic disturbances, but little known about their effects on the male reproductive system. After intratesticular injection, bioactive peptide fraction (Bj-PF) obtained from jararaca snake venom changes structure of different stages seminiferous epithelium cycle in adult mice. For first time, we investigated whether Bj...

We investigated the induction of renal tumors by the ferric complex of nitrilotriacetic acid (Fe-NTA) in male and female A/J mice. Fifty-three male and 21 female mice received i.p. injections of Fe-NTA, 1.8 to 2.7 mg of iron/kg of body weight/day, 6 days a wk for 12 wk, at the longest. Ten male and ten female mice received nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) i.p. at the dose equivalent to the NTA porti...

Background: Acrylamid (AA) is found in carbohydraterich foods that are prepared at high temperatures, such as French fries and potato chips. The toxic effects of AA in male animals include degeneration of epithelial cells of seminiferous tubules, decreased number of sperm and elevation in abnormal spermatozoa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the detrimental effects of AA on sperm paramete...

abstract since gasoil due to the aromatics of the most important environmental pollutants and is one of the oil with many applications. according to its damaging effects on living organisms and human beings, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of gasoil on the parameters of liver, white rat race was albino nmri. the 40 mice in 4 groups, adult male mice were divided into con...