The MAPEX2000 experiments were conducted in the Mediterranean Sea in March, 2000 to determine seabed properties using a towed acoustic source and receiver array. Towed systems are advantageous because they are easy to deploy from a ship and the moving platform offers the possibility for estimating spatially variable (range-dependent) seabed properties. In this paper, seabed parameters are deter...

Offshore wind resources are abundant. Vertical axis turbines (VAWTs) suitable for working in the sea environment because of their low cost and high reliability. In this paper, an offshore floating inverted cone vertical turbine (ICVAWT) is proposed. The 3D unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method utilized to model ICVAWT. turbulence SST k−ω used solve Navier–Stokes equation, setting p...

We discuss the structural consideration of high-speed photodetectors used for optical communications, focusing on vertical illumination suitable device fabrication and coupling. fabricate an avalanche photodiode that can handle 100-Gbit/s four-level pulse-amplitude modulation (50 Gbaud) signals, pin photodiodes 100-Gbaud operation; both are fabricated with our unique inverted p-side down (p-dow...

Animals must perform mechanical work during walking, but most conserve substantial mechanical energy via an inverted-pendulum-like mechanism of energy recovery in which fluctuations of kinetic energy (KE) and gravitational potential energy (GPE) are of similar magnitude and 180 degrees out of phase. The greatest energy recovery typically occurs at intermediate speeds. Tortoises are known for th...

Face recognition in young human adults preferentially relies on the processing of horizontally-oriented visual information. We addressed whether the horizontal tuning of face perception is modulated by the extensive experience humans acquire with faces over the lifespan, or whether it reflects an invariable processing bias for this visual category. We tested 296 subjects aged from 6 to 74 years...

Radio occultation measurements using the Global Positioning System (GPS) and a receiver in low-Earth orbit (LEO) have recently been shown to provide accurate profiles of atmospheric refractivity, pressure, water vapor and temperature with high vertical resolution [e.g. Kursinski et al., 1996]. When a GPS transmitter and receiver pair are on opposite sides of the atmosphere, the radio signal pro...