The increasing complexity of the conventional grid due to population growth, advancement in technology, and infrastructures are the factors that contribute immensely to instability, insecurity, and inefficiency of the use of electrical energy. To overcome the problems, the environmental energy sustainability calls for the use of renewable energy for sustainability of power supply. Intermittency...

From 1940 to 1990, a 10% increase in a metropolitan area’s concentration of college-educated residents was associated with a 0.8% increase in subsequent employment growth. Instrumental variables estimates support a causal relationship between college graduates and employment growth, but show no evidence of an effect of high school graduates. Using data on growth in wages, rents, and house value...

There is an increasing demand for using vehicles by growing the population in modern smart cities. This rise has led to traffic jams most of the time, especially during rush hours. In order to tackle this problem different solutions have been proposed in the literature, where each one focuses on a special facet of this problem. In this paper a type-2 fuzzy predictor has introduced so that it es...

Smart homes and ambient intelligence show great promise in the fields of medical monitoring, energy efficiency and ubiquitous computing applications. Their ability to adapt and react to the people relying on them positions these systems to be invaluable tools for our aging populations. The most privacy protecting and easy to use smart home technologies often lack any kind of unique tracking tec...

We study the extent to which responses in urban redevelopment density to demand shocks contribute to population growth, taking into account urban land expansions independent of demand shocks and changes in housing absorption by existing urban households. In the context of Chinese urban growth from 1998 to 2004 when liberalization in urban housing and labor markets significantly elevated labor m...

Policy regarding the size of cities is an important component of China’s urban policy prescription. We used a curvilinear regression model in this study to identify the optimal function and conducted curve panel data regression analysis on the panel data of the benefits of the economy, ecosystem services, and city size in China. In doing so, we obtained the regression relationship between city ...

A cohor t is a fixed population. Its membership is permanent (even after death)8, 14). Examples are as follows: people born in Kagoshima, and the alumni of Hirosaki University. A cohort study follows a fixed population. Unfixed populations are called dynamic populations (open populations). The membership of a dynamic cohort is not permanent. Examples are as follows: Hirosaki University students...

OBJECTIVE The authors assessed the suicide rates of New York City police officers during a recent period. METHOD The authors reviewed death certificates of active New York City police officers who died from 1977 through 1996 (N=668); age-, gender-, and race-specific suicide rates among New York City police officers and the city's residents were determined. RESULTS The police suicide rate wa...

For thousands of years, the Chinese and many other nations around the world built defensive walls around their cities. This phenomenon is not well understood from an economic perspective. To rationalize the existence of city walls, we propose a simple model that relates the dimensions of city walls to a set of economic variables. Guided by this model, we conduct an empirical analysis using hand...