An 11-year-old boy with hemoglobin sickle disease (HbSD), bilateral stenosis of the intracranial carotid arteries, and moyamoya syndrome had recurrent ischemic strokes with aphasia and right hemiparesis. His parents (Jehovah's Witnesses) refused blood transfusions. After bilateral extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery, hydroxyurea treatment increased hemoglobin F (HbF) levels to more...

PURPOSE To review our experience with intracranial angioplasty, including the complications we encountered. METHODS During a 3-year period, from 1993 to 1996, 10 patients had intracranial percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). The stenosed vessels included three internal carotid arteries, one middle cerebral artery, one basilar artery, and five vertebral arteries. Stenosis in all patien...

Moyamoya disease is a progressive vascular disorder of unknown etiology. Theories of inflammatory and immunologic mechanisms have been proposed as the pathogeneses. We have designed a new method of administering N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP) for experimental induction of moyamoya disease using an intravascular interventional technique combined with rod-shaped embolic materials m...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We examined the presence of systemic etiologic factors causing vascular changes in so-called "spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis" (cerebrovascular moyamoya disease) to determine whether extracranial, as well as intracranial, vessels are involved in this disease. METHODS Histopathologic examination and morphometric analysis of the extracranial vessels were per...

Current work aims to investigate the brain blood supply of local rabbit, where 14 rabbits both sexes were used with weights ranging from 3-3.5 kg. This study revealed that rabbit's is supplied by vertebral and internal carotid artery (ICA). The union arteries creates basilar runs on ventral surface pons medulla oblongata, forming at its end posterior communicating (PCA), as well path which foll...

AIM To discuss the features, feasibility, and safety of a combined bilateral approach in the endovascular treatment of intracranial anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of patients with ACoA aneurysm treated with a combined bilateral approach. RESULTS We successfully embolized aneurysms in nine patient...

During the past fifteen years a new field of neurological surgery has been developed; this might be called intracranial vascular surgery. One of the most challenging problems in this field is the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. About 75% of these aneurysms' lie in or near the anterior half of the circle of Willis, receiving their major blood supply from the internal carotid arteries. Most ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Systemic giant cell arteritis causing cerebellar infarction due to intracranial arteritis of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery has not been previously reported. We report this infrequent occurrence and discuss the differential diagnosis. CASE DESCRIPTION An 85-year-old woman was admitted with a 2-week history of episodic ataxia, unilateral headaches, and vomiting....

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Atherosclerosis of the major intracranial arteries is an important cause of ischemic stroke. We established measurement criteria to assess percent stenosis of a major intracranial artery (carotid, middle cerebral, vertebral, basilar) and determined the interobserver/intraobserver agreements and interclass/intraclass correlations of these measurements. METHODS We defined...

Moyamoya syndrome is an increasingly recognized arteriopathy associated with cerebral ischemia and has been associated with approximately 6% of childhood strokes. It is characterized by chronic progressive stenosis at the apices of the intracranial internal carotid arteries, including the proximal anterior cerebral arteries and middle cerebral arteries and ultimately results in decreased cerebr...