The interlaminar shear response is studied for carbon nanofiber (CNF) modified out-of-autoclave-vacuum-bag-only (OOA-VBO) carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP). Commercial OOA-VBO prepregs were coated with a CNF modified epoxy solution and a control epoxy solution without CNF to make CNF modified samples and control samples, respectively. Tensile testing was used to study the in-plane shear pe...

Kenneth D. Candido, M.D. Chicago, Illinois 
 Pain arising from the spine continues to be a challenging and vexing problem in terms of diagnostic assessment and implementation of therapeutic measures designed to modulate it. There are significant economic, social and health impacts of chronic spinal pain. There are multiple distinct potential and diverse pain generators that may be functioning i...

The mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of stitched and unstitched composite laminates of continuous UD flax fiber and epoxy matrix was experimentally and numerically investigated. A twistless flax fiber yarn was used for stitching purpose. The mode I interlaminar energy release rate of the unstitched and stitched laminates was experimentally determined through Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) t...

Electrophoretic process was applied to the deposition of carbon nanotubes on the surface of carbon fabrics in order to enhance the properties of CNT/carbon fabric hybrid composites. Carbon fabrics were modified by two methods: Cu deposition by cathodic method and Cu coating by thermal vaporization method. CNTs were modified by PEI and oxidation treatment. The effects of carbon fabric and CNTs m...

A review is made on the di€erent methods used for the estimation of transverse/interlaminar stresses in laminated composite plates and shells. Both analytical and numerical methods are considered. In numerical methods while the emphasis is given on ®nite element methods, other methods like the ®nite di€erence method is also brie ̄y discussed. Aspects considered are: e€ects of variation in geomet...

The role of ultrasound in central neuraxial blockade has been underappreciated, partly because of the relative efficacy of the landmark-guided technique and partly because of the perceived difficulty in imaging through the narrow acoustic windows produced by the bony framework of the spine. However, this also is the basis for the utility of ultrasound: an interlaminar window that permits passag...

A two-phase scheme for accurate predictions of interlaminar stresses in laminated plate and shell structures has been addressed in this study. A modified superconvergent patch recovery (MSPR) technique has been utilized to obtain accurate nodal in-plane stresses which are subsequently used with the thickness integration of the three-dimensional equilibrium equations to evaluate the transverse s...

An 84-year-old man experienced right buttock pain that radiated gradually to his right lower extremity over a few months before admission. MRI revealed a space occupying intraspinal lesion that was close to the right-sided L4-L5 facet joint and an extraspinal lesion posterior to the right-sided L5 lamina. The lesions appeared as hyperintense areas on T1 weighted images and heterogeneous areas o...

The primate temporal cortex implements visual long-term memory. However, how its interlaminar circuitry executes cognitive computations is poorly understood. Using linear-array multicontact electrodes, we simultaneously recorded unit activities across cortical layers in the perirhinal cortex of macaques performing a pair-association memory task. Cortical layers were estimated on the basis of cu...

The purpose of this study was to propose a new numerical modeling of the glass fiber cloth reinforced denture base resin (GFRP). The proposed model is constructed with an isotropic shell, beam and orthotropic shell elements representing the outmost resin, interlaminar resin and glass fiber cloth, respectively. The proposed model was applied to the failure progress analysis under three-point ben...