introduction in neonates and small infants, early diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus (cdi) and treatment with desmopressin in low doses (avoiding severe hypo- or hypernatremia) are important to prevent associated high morbidity and mortality in this particular age group. case presentetion we described pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic results of the use of recently launched oral desmopre...

In a recent study (1), we confirmed the observation of Bresler (2) and Toussaint and Vereerstraeten (3) that tubular sodium reabsorption (TNa) in dogs increases following plasma sodium (PNa) elevation. However, when the increase in filtered sodium (FNa) that usually accompanied an elevated PNa was eliminated by reducing glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with an aortic clamp, hypernatremia appear...

In a recent study (1), we confirmed the observation of Bresler (2) and Toussaint and Vereerstraeten (3) that tubular sodium reabsorption (TNa) in dogs increases following plasma sodium (PNa) elevation. However, when the increase in filtered sodium (FNa) that usually accompanied an elevated PNa was eliminated by reducing glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with an aortic clamp, hypernatremia appear...

Introduction: Polyuria and hypernatremia are common problems during the pretransplant care of brain-dead donors. They have not only important role in hemodynamic stability, but also may influence organ transplantation outcomes. The influence of donor hypernatremia in liver transplantation was reported. This study aimed to determine these effects on kidney allograft. Materials and Methods: We re...

Severely burned patients need extensive initial fluid resuscitation. Formulas to calculate fluid needs during burn shock are well established. However, protocols for normalizing circulating fluid volume after cellular integrity has recovered do not exist. Resultant electrolyte shifts can cause hypernatremia, a possible sign of hypovolemia, which may in turn result in decreased tissue perfusion...

INTRODUCTION To assess the prevalence of dysnatremia, including borderline changes in serum sodium concentration, and to estimate the impact of these dysnatremia on mortality after adjustment for confounders. METHODS Observational study on a prospective database fed by 13 intensive care units (ICUs). Unselected patients with ICU stay longer than 48 h were enrolled over a 14-year period were i...

OBJECTIVES Uncorrected hypernatremia in organ donors has been associated with poor graft or patient survival during liver transplants. However, recent studies have found no association between the donor serum sodium and transplant outcome. This study sought to show the negative effect donor hypernatremia has on initial liver allograft function. This is the first study to investigate internation...

The purpose of this study was to explore further the relation between the rates of oxygen consumption and ammonium (NH4+) production in the kidney during chronic metabolic acidosis. The experimental model was the dog with chronic metabolic acidosis because of the extensive background literature in this species. Chronic metabolic acidosis was produced by the ingestion of 10 mmol NH4Cl/kg body we...

We describe a patient with severe hypernatremia and uremia caused by paranoid adipsia who was treated successfully with hydration and hemodialysis. A previously healthy 40-year-old woman developed the paranoid idea that her water was poisoned, so she refused to drink any water. On admission, her blood urea nitrogen was 208mg/dL, creatinine 4.90mg/dL, serum osmolality 452mOsm/L, serum sodium 172...

Background Healthcare-acquired hypernatremia (serum sodium >145 mEq/dL) is common among critically ill and other hospitalized patients and is usually treated with hypotonic fluid and/or diuretics to correct a "free water deficit." However, many hypernatremic patients are eu- or hypervolemic, and an evolving body of literature emphasizes the importance of rapidly returning critically ill patient...