Hailstorms can be responsible for significant economic loss to the agricultural sector in Alberta, Canada. Foliar applications of certain fungicides and nutrient blends have been advocated promote recovery yield hail-damaged crops. Proper understanding different crop hail-related factors is required an accurate assessment hail damage crops evaluations hail-recovery product claims. This study wa...

A new dual-frequency (Ku and Ka band) nadir-pointing Doppler radar on the high-altitude NASA ER-2 aircraft, called the High-Altitude Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler (HIWRAP), has collected data over severe thunderstorms in Oklahoma and Kansas during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E). The overarching motivation for this study is to understand the behavior of...

AMtraet--A statistical model is described for estimating the risk of impacts by large hail on any ground installation (such as a solar collector array). The model is based on data for three frequency distributions: hailstone size, hailfall count (number of hailstones per m 2 per storm), and number of haildays per year. Other than parameters derived from meteorological data, the parameters of th...

A radar simulator for polarimetric radar variables, including reflectivities at horizontal and vertical polarizations, the differential reflectivity, and the specific differential phase, has been developed. This simulator serves as a test bed for developing and testing forward observation operators of polarimetric radar variables that are needed when directly assimilating these variables into s...

Multiparameter radar measurements were made during a heavy rainfall event accompanied by hail in Colorado. Rainfall rates R and accumulation for this event were estimated using S-band specific differential phase KDP, reflectivity factor ZH, and X-band specific attenuation AH3. These estimates were compared with measurements from a ground-based rain gauge. Both R–KDP and R–AH3 relations were in ...