The Linguistic Annotation Framework, LAF, proposes a generic data model for exchange of linguistic annotations and has recently become an ISO standard (ISO 24612:2012). This paper describes some aspects of LAF, its XML-serialization GrAF and some use-cases related to the framework. While GrAF has already been used as exchange format for corpora with several annotation layers, such as MASC and O...

Penjadwalan perkuliahan merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh perguruan tinggi. Permasalahan tersebut didefinisikan sebagai pengalokasian sumber daya seperti dosen, mahasiswa, dan ruang kelas ke matakuliah tersedia. Proses penjadwalan dilakukan dengan cara manual cukup menyulitkan perlu perbaikan berulang kali. Optimalisasi permasalah untuk dapat meminimalisir selisih antara kapa...

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In this paper, we apply the annotation scheme design methodology defined in (Bunt, 2010) and demonstrate its use for generating a mapping from an existing annotation scheme to a representation in GrAF format. The most important features of this methodology are (1) the distinction of the abstract and concrete syntax of an annotation language; (2) the specification of a formal semantics for the a...