Following the development of the selectionist theory of the immune system, there was an attempt to characterize many biological mechanisms as being "selectionist" as juxtaposed to "instructionist." But this broad definition would group Darwinian evolution, the immune system, embryonic development, and Chomsky’s language-acquisition mechanism as all being "selectionist." Yet Chomsky’s mechanism ...

bivalves are the second largest class of moluscs that have been abundantly successful in different habitats of marine and fresh water, from the cold circumpolar seas to tropical waters and from shallow shores to abyssal depths. molecular phylogenetic comparative studies can help in tracing the historical evolution of the gene alive and evaluate them. in this research species of pearl wing oyste...

The number of scholarly publications has dramatically increased over the last decades. For anyone new to a particular science domain it is not easy understand major trends and significant changes that undergone time. Temporal summarization related approaches should be then useful make sense temporal collections. In this paper we demonstrate an approach analyze dataset research papers by providi...

Recent debates about memetics have revealed some widespread misunderstandings about Darwinian approaches to cultural evolution. Drawing from these debates, this paper disputes five common claims: (1) mental representations are rarely discrete, and therefore models that assume discrete, gene-like particles (i.e., replicators) are useless; (2) replicators are necessary for cumulative, adaptive ev...

Preserving the user’s preference in document-category management is essential because it affects his/her search efficiency, cognitive processing load, and satisfaction. Prior research has investigated automated document category evolution by using lexicon-based documentcategory evolution techniques which take into account the document categories previously created by the user. However, comparin...

foreign language education policy (flep) needs to be understood as part of broader educational policies and as situated within overarching social macro plans. in this paper, based on a conception of policy as distinct from goals and objectives, and with a view of the relevant literature, we will present some theoretical guidelines of setting and/or evaluating foreign language education policies...

Abstract Arbitrariness in the zeropoint of bolometric corrections is a paradigm that nearly century old and leads to two more paradigms. “Bolometric must always be negative,” “the magnitude star ought brighter than its V magnitude”. Both were considered valid before IAU 2015 General Assembly Resolution B2, revolutionary document supersedes all three aforementioned The purpose this article initi...

Based on the belief that marine larvae, which can spend days to months in the planktonic stage, could be transported considerable distances by ocean currents, it has long been assumed that populations of coastal species with a planktonic larval stage are demographically open and highly "connected." Such assumptions about the connectivity of coastal populations govern approaches to managing mari...