background: there is extensive variety of chemical compounds with antiulcer activity, which are isolated from medicinal plants. matricaria chamomilla or matricaria recutita or german chamomile, also spelled chamomile (mc), is one of the most widely used medicinal plants. in the present study, the extract of mc flowers was evaluated for antiulcerogenic activity and acute toxicity profile.   meth...

Female hypocretin knockout (Hcrt KO) mice have increased body weight despite decreased food intake compared to wild type (WT) mice. In order to understand the nature of the increased body weight, we carried out a detailed study of Hcrt KO and WT, male, and female mice. Female KO mice showed consistently higher body weight than WT mice, from 4 to 20 months (20-60%). Fat, muscle, and free fluid l...

The antistress effect of a polyherbal formulation-OB-200G (500 mg/kg. p.o.) was studied in both male and female mice subjected to forced swim stress. Fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was chosen as standard drug for comparison. Exposure of mice to chronic stress regime resulted in decreased body weight in both male and female mice, increased sweetened food intake, anxiety, depression and locomotor ac...

d-galactose induces pancreatic disorder along with aging mouse model. vitex agnus-castus (vac) has potential pancreatic protective effect. hence, this study was designed to evaluate the hypoglycemic and pancreas protective effects of vac hydroalcoholic extract in d-galactose-induced aging female mice. in the present experimental study, 72 adult female naval medical research institute (nmri) mic...

Brain glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) is hyperactive in several neurological conditions that involve impairments in both cognition and neurogenesis. This raises the hypotheses that hyperactive GSK3 may directly contribute to impaired cognition, and that this may be related to deficiencies in neural precursor cells (NPC). To study the effects of hyperactive GSK3 in the absence of disease influ...

When Shionogi carcinoma 115 (SC115, an undifferentiated medullary carcinoma showing a compact cell pattern and containing androgen receptor) was transplanted into male and female DS mice, it grew only in males. In contrast with this strict androgen dependency in DS hosts, SC115 tumors grew in male and female nude athymic (BALB/c-nu/nu) mice. Although most of the tumors developing in female nude...

It has been demonstrated that the gonadal steroid hormone estrogen can exert neuroprotective effects upon the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (NSDA) system against methamphetamine (MA)-induced neurotoxicity in female, but not male, mice. In contrast, the anti-estrogen, tamoxifen (TMX) can function as a NSDA neuroprotectant within both female and male mice. In an attempt to understand these effects o...