background and objective: although diabetes mellitus is known to be one of the risk factors for dementia but neuropathic changes in the brain of diabetic patients have not been completely revealed. therefore, this research study was done to evaluate structural changes in pyramidal neurons of hippocampal ca1 area of male diabetic rats using golgi-impregnation method. materials and methods: male ...

The Escherichia coli uncA gene codes for the a subunit of the F1-sector of the membrane proton-ATPase. Mutations in this gene cause loss of ATPase and ATP synthesis activity and, in some instances, derangement of F1 structure. From three mutants (uncA401, uncA453, and uncA447), an F1 of normal size and subunit structure may be purified. In this work, purified soluble F1 from these three mutants...

F1-ATPase is a rotary motor made of a single protein molecule. Its rotation is driven by free energy obtained by ATP hydrolysis. In vivo, another motor, Fo, presumably rotates the F1 motor in the reverse direction, reversing also the chemical reaction in F1 to let it synthesize ATP. Here we attempt to answer two related questions, How is free energy obtained by ATP hydrolysis converted to the m...

Many essential functions of living cells are performed by nanoscale protein motors. The best characterized of these is F(o)F1-ATP synthase, the smallest rotary motor. This rotary motor catalyzes the synthesis of ATP with high efficiency under conditions where the reactants (ADP, H2PO4(-)) and the product (ATP) are present in the cell at similar concentrations. We present a detailed structure-ba...

There is now compelling evidence in support of a rotary catalytic mechanism in F1-ATPase, and, by extension, in the intact ATP synthase. Although models have been proposed to explain how protein translocation in F0 results in rotation of the gamma-subunit relative to the alpha 3/beta 3 assembly in F1 [22], these are still speculative. It seems likely that a satisfactory explanation of this mech...

Worker Preferences Firm Preferences w1 : [f1] f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f1 : [w1] w2 w3 w4 w5 w6 w7 w8 w2 : f1 [f2] f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f2 : w1 [w2] w3 w4 w5 w6 w7 w8 w3 : f1 f2 [f3] f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f3 : w1 w2 [w3] w4 w5 w6 w7 w8 w4 : f1 f2 f3 [f4] f5 f6 f7 f8 f4 : w1 w2 w3 [w4] w5 w6 w7 w8 w5 : f1 f2 f3 f4 [f5] f6 f7 f8 f5 : w1 w2 w3 w4 [w5] w6 w7 w8 w6 : f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 [f6] f7 f8 f6 : w1 w2 w3 w4 w5 ...

Lemma A.1 Consider two independent samples of sizes n0 and n1 from continuous distributions F0 and F1 with common support: X0,1, . . . , X0,n0 ∼ i.i.d. F0 and X1,1, . . . , X1,n1 ∼ i.i.d. F1. Let N = n0 + n1. Assume that the support of F0 and F1 is an interval inside [0, 1]. Let f0 and f1 be the densities of F0 and F1, respectively. Suppose that for any x in the supports of F0 and F1, f1(x)/f0(...

We prove a general result on the factorization of matrix-valued analytic functions. We deduce that if (E0, E1) and (F0, F1) are interpolation pairs with dense intersections, then under some conditions on the spaces E0, E1, F0 and F1, we have [E0⊗̂F0, E1⊗̂F1]θ = [E0, E1]θ⊗̂[F0, F1]θ, 0 < θ < 1. We find also conditions on the spaces E0, E1, F0 and F1 , so that the following holds [E0 ∨ ⊗F0, E1 ∨ ⊗F1...