Firefighters predict how fires will progress from cues such as smoke and roof 'sponginess' 1 , while peahens use the elabo-rateness of peacocks' tails to infer their fitness before deciding whether to mate with them 2. The cues on which organisms base their inductive inferences are typically uncertain: the old adage aside, sometimes there's no smoke even where there's fire. How do people make i...

Results This study looks at inception and development of medical departments in girls’ schools the Russian Empire during second half 18th beginning 19th century, first which was founded 1764. Materials methods. The problems article, based on a wide range sources, both archival published, studied using principles objectivity historicism, still remain unexplored. Results. Empress Catherine II her...

www.sciencemag.org SCIENCE VOL 323 20 MARCH 2009 1531 COVER Movement trajectories, each recorded during a 1-hour time period, for rats with brain lesions that reduce dopamine signaling. These animals serve as a model of Parkinson's disease and display severe difficulty in initiating movements, as illustrated by the white trajectories (on black background) showing limited locomotion. Black traje...

important contributions made to British rheumatology by the Medical Research Council. As with so many well-meant volumes of this sort, the book becomes more than a trifle self-congratulatory. I have no doubt that in this country the Heberden Society was a much-needed stimulus to the development ofa group of professional rheumatologists, for whom the Society provided self-respect at a time when ...

Research on phototropism has had far-reaching consequences in the field of plant biology, from helping to refute the ancient misconception of plant insensitivity to the environment to the discovery of the plant hormone auxin and the identification of the phototropin photoreceptors. In this essay, we trace the major trends and ideas that shaped past shoot phototropism research and briefly summar...

lishing their sovereignty. yet the fully enlightened earth radiate~ b~ disaster triumphant. The program of the Enlightenment was 4-IJ the disenchantment of the world; the dissolution of myths and f#lJ)·r the substitution of knowledge for fancy. Bacon, the "father of experimental philosophy,"l had defined its motives. He looked down on the masters of tradition, the "great reputed authors" who fi...

Research on phototropism has had far-reaching consequences in the field of plant biology, from helping to refute the ancient misconception of plant insensitivity to the environment to the discovery of the plant hormone auxin and the identification of the phototropin photoreceptors. In this essay, we trace the major trends and ideas that shaped past shoot phototropism research and briefly summar...