We report three cases of large occipito-encephaloceles that were managed in the Neurosciences Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia over the last 5 years. All patients had pre-operative MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) evolution and mapping of the sagittal sinus tract. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of all three patients were initially diverted by means of ventricular shunt two weeks prior to...

INTRODUCTION Temporal bone encephaloceles and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are associated with an increased risk of life-threatening intracranial infection. Defects in the floor of the middle cranial fossa are attributed to prior infection, trauma, iatrogenic injury, and increased intracranial pressure. In the temporal bone, intracranial contents most commonly pass through dehiscences in the...

Anterior meningo-encephaloceles (AME) are congenital malformations characterized by herniation of brain tissue and meninges through a defect in the cranium, in frontal, orbital, nasal and ethmoidal regions. The management of this complex congenital malformation is controversial according to whether use, an intracranial, extra-cranial or combined approach. This is the first largest series publis...

Objective This study was undertaken to identify temporal encephaloceles (TEs) and examine their characteristics in patients with lobe epilepsy (TLE) extratemporal (ETLE), as well asymptomatic cases. Methods Four hundred fifty-eight magnetic resonance imaging scans were examined retrospectively TE 157 TLE, 150 ETLE, 151 healthy controls (HCs). Results At least one identified 9.6% of the TLE (n =...