In an attempt to provide an on-line payment mechanism for large-dollar cross-border transactions, TradeCard Inc. developed the world's first and only "credit card" for international trade. This case study discusses the major issues surrounding the viability of such a B2B electronic payment architecture. How would TradeCard provide a seamless and secure on-line settlement transaction? Is its pla...

With the advent of cross-border electronic commerce, an increasing number of products that have been traded physically in the past are now imported digitally. This raises a number of issues, which are currently debated at the international level: should these products be defined as goods or services; which multilateral trade rules should govern them; and, should they remain tariff and tax exemp...

With the rapid spread of international financial crisis and the stagnation of world economic growth, the Xinjiang international trade is facing a very serious challenge. How to improve the international competitiveness is not only the need of the development of their own living, but also related to the development of national economy is healthy sustainable and stable or not in Xingjian. Therefo...

Trade-off is one of the main design parameters in the field of electronic circuit design. Whereas smaller electronics devices which use less hardware due to techniques like hardware multiplexing or due to smaller devices created due to techniques developed by nanotechnology and MEMS, are more appealing, a trade-off between area, power and speed is inevitable. This paper analyses the trade-off i...

Electronic commerce and its related activities over the internet can be the engines that improve domestic economic well-being through liberalization of domestic services, more rapid integration into globalization of production, and leap-frogging of available technology. Electronic commerce integrates the domestic and global markets from its very inception. Negotiating on trade issues related to...

The objective of this paper is to present the examples of common practices developed by Internet companies, which are so widespread in the international electronic commerce that they could serve as the basis for adjudicating disputes in the online world (ecustoms). Customary norms played a very important role providing norms for solving commercial disputes in the Medieval times (Law Merchant) a...

It is a well-known problem that small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) have difficulty to participate in electronic commerce. In particular, the SME participation in business-to-business electronic commerce is seriously lagging behind compared to the very active participation of large companies. We discuss several barriers that could explain why SMEs have problems to participate in electronic...

The growth of open networks created the interest to commercialise it. The establishment of an electronic business mechanism must be accompanied by a digital – electronic payment system to transfer the value of transactions. Financial organizations are requested to offer a secure e-payment synthesis with equivalent levels of trust and security served in conventional paper-based payment transacti...

Introduction As the advent of nearly ubiquitous information infrastructures promotes the development of electronic commerce applications, new electronic market intermediaries are emerging which bring significant changes in the economics of marketing and distribution channels by interposing themselves between suppliers and consumers in electronic marketplaces (Rayport and Sviokla 1994). On the o...